纳米级VO₂忆阻器中的皮秒飞焦级阻变效应
Picosecond Femtojoule Resistive Switching in Nanoscale VO$_{2}$ Memristors
AI总结：
该研究制备纳米级VO₂忆阻器，通过皮秒级实验与模拟验证其可实现20ps脉冲下15ps孵育的低阻态切换，能耗低至飞焦级，两类相变均达百皮秒量级，为高速低功耗神经形态电路提供支撑。
摘要：
后摩尔时代计算技术有望为冯·诺依曼架构提供可持续的替代方案，这不仅得益于其尺寸微缩潜力，还在于能以尽可能低的能耗利用器件层面的功能复杂性。关联电子氧化物（如二氧化钒）中莫特转变的动力学过程，已被证实是这类功能复杂性的丰富且可靠的来源。然而，其在高速低功耗运行方面的全部潜力在很大程度上尚未被探索。我们制备了嵌入宽带测试电路的纳米级VO₂器件，以研究其阻变操作的速度和能耗极限。我们的皮秒时间分辨率实时阻变实验和数值模拟表明，施加20 ps长、幅值<1.7 V的电压脉冲，可在15 ps的孵育时间内设置可调低阻态，且开关能耗低至几飞焦。此外，我们证明在纳米级器件尺寸下，不仅电场诱导的绝缘体-金属转变，就连热传导限制的金属-绝缘体转变都能在数百皮秒的时间尺度上发生。这些数量级的突破为设计高速低功耗动态电路开辟了道路，可应用于从模式识别到数值优化的众多神经形态计算场景。
英文摘要：
Beyond-Moore computing technologies are expected to provide a sustainable alternative to the von Neumann approach not only due to their down-scaling potential but also via exploiting device-level functional complexity at the lowest possible energy consumption. The dynamics of the Mott transition in correlated electron oxides, such as vanadium dioxide, has been identified as a rich and reliable source of such functional complexity. However, its full potential in high-speed and low-power operation has been largely unexplored. We fabricated nanoscale VO$_{2}$ devices embedded in a broad-band test circuit to study the speed and energy limitations of their resistive switching operation. Our picosecond time-resolution, real-time resistive switching experiments and numerical simulations demonstrate that tunable low-resistance states can be set by the application of 20~ps long, $<$1.7~V amplitude voltage pulses at 15~ps incubation times and switching energies starting from a few femtojoule. Moreover, we demonstrate that at nanometer-scale device sizes not only the electric field induced insulator-to-metal transition, but also the thermal conduction limited metal-to-insulator transition can take place at timescales of 100's of picoseconds. These orders of magnitude breakthroughs open the route to the design of high-speed and low-power dynamical circuits for a plethora of neuromorphic computing applications from pattern recognition to numerical optimization.
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