基于RFSoC的GHz带宽超高速相位计的开发
On the Development of an RFSoC-Based Ultra-Fast Phasemeter With GHz Bandwidth
AI总结：
本文开发了一种基于RFSoC和全数字锁相环的GHz带宽多通道相位计，通过多解调与相位累积方案实现了2 MHz跟踪带宽，能稳定跟踪240 GHz/s频率变化信号并达到亚毫弧度相位噪声本底。
摘要：
电信号或光信号的频率与相位的精确测量在科学与工程的各个分支中发挥着关键作用。当激光器本身存在噪声，或者由于激光频率在多普勒测距或动态腔读出等应用中编码高度动态信号而快速变化时，跟踪变化的激光频率尤为困难。在此，为了解决这些及其他潜在应用，我们报告了一种高信号带宽（> 2 GHz）和高跟踪带宽（2 MHz）的多通道相位计的开发。该实现方案利用了在射频片上系统（RFSoC）的可编程逻辑（PL）部分（即现场可编程门阵列（FPGA））中实现的全数字锁相环。通过将PL运行至其时序极限并引入多解调与相位累积方案，获得了相位计的新特性。我们展示了性能测量结果，讨论了高跟踪带宽在跟踪高度动态信号中的作用，并演示了两台宽可调外腔二极管激光器之间拍频的超稳相位锁定。在比较两个信号时，即使在GHz频率下，我们也实现了亚毫弧度量级的相位噪声本底，并展示了对频率变化率达240 GHz/s的信号的稳定跟踪。
英文摘要：
Precise measurements of the frequency and phase of an electrical or optical signal play a key role in various branches of science and engineering. Tracking changing laser frequencies is especially demanding when the lasers themselves are noisy or if the frequencies rapidly change because they encode highly dynamic signals in, e.g., Doppler-ranging or dynamic cavity readout. Here, to address these and other possible applications, we report the development of a high signal bandwidth (> 2 GHz) and high tracking bandwidth (2 MHz) multi-channel Phasemeter. The implementation utilizes an all-digital phase-locked loop realized within the field programmable gate array (FPGA) part of a radio frequency system-on-chip (RFSoC), the programmable logic (PL). The new features of the phasemeter are obtained by operating the PL at its timing limits and introducing a multi-demodulation and phase accumulation scheme. We present performance measurements, discuss the role of the high tracking bandwidth for tracking highly dynamic signals, and demonstrate ultra-stable phase locking of a beat note between two widely tunable external cavity diode lasers. We achieve a phase-noise floor in the sub-milli radian regime when comparing two signals, even for GHz frequencies, and demonstrate stable tracking of signals with a frequency change rate of 240 GHz/s.
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