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arXiv 2403.07697astro-ph.HEgr-qcnucl-th
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利用状态方程约束对低质量致密双星并合进行分类

Using Equation of State Constraints to Classify Low-Mass Compact Binary Mergers

California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院);LIGO Laboratory, California Institute of Technology(激光干涉引力波天文台,加州理工学院);Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute)(马克斯·普朗克引力物理学研究所(爱因斯坦研究所))

Jacob Golomb, Isaac Legred, Katerina Chatziioannou, Adrian Abac, Tim Dietrich

AI总结:

本文利用潮汐效应与状态方程约束,通过模拟引力波信号,以高置信度区分低质量双星并合中的黑洞与中子星,并识别出分类中的标记模糊性。

摘要:

通过引力波观测到的致密天体,主要依据其推断质量与恒星演化预期的比较,被分类为黑洞或中子星。然而,对于最低质量范围($\lesssim 1.2 \\,M_\odot$)的天体物理预期尚不确定。如果此类低质量致密天体存在,地面引力波探测器可能在双星并合中观测到它们。由于缺乏对此类观测进行分类的天体物理预期,我们超越了质量范畴,探索潮汐效应的作用。我们评估了质量与潮汐联合推断如何根据与超核密度状态方程的一致性,来判断每个双星成员是黑洞还是中子星。低质量中子星会经历较大的潮汐形变;对其的观测识别(或缺失)因此有助于确定双星成员的性质。利用模拟数据,我们发现,当两颗中子星(黑洞)并合并发射信噪比约为20的引力波时,亚太阳质量中子星(黑洞)的存在可以以约100:1的赔率被确定。对于相同的系统,黑洞(中子星)的缺失可以以约10:1的赔率被确定。对于混合中子星-黑洞双星,我们可以以$\gtrsim 5:1$的赔率确定系统包含一颗中子星。在混合中子星-黑洞双星中确定黑洞的存在更具挑战性,除非是$\lesssim 1\\,M_\odot$的黑洞伴有$\gtrsim 1\\,M_\odot$的中子星伴星的情况。另一方面,对每个双星成员进行单独分类存在固有的标记模糊性。

英文摘要:

Compact objects observed via gravitational waves are classified as black holes or neutron stars primarily based on their inferred mass with respect to stellar evolution expectations. However, astrophysical expectations for the lowest mass range, $\lesssim 1.2 \,M_\odot$, are uncertain. If such low-mass compact objects exist, ground-based gravitational wave detectors may observe them in binary mergers. Lacking astrophysical expectations for classifying such observations, we go beyond the mass and explore the role of tidal effects. We evaluate how combined mass and tidal inference can inform whether each binary component is a black hole or a neutron star based on consistency with the supranuclear-density equation of state. Low-mass neutron stars experience a large tidal deformation; its observational identification (or lack thereof) can therefore aid in determining the nature of the binary components. Using simulated data, we find that the presence of a sub-solar mass neutron star (black hole) can be established with odds $\sim 100:1$ when two neutron stars (black holes) merge and emit gravitational waves at signal-to-noise ratio $\sim 20$. For the same systems, the absence of a black hole (neutron star) can be established with odds $\sim 10:1$. For mixed neutron star-black hole binaries, we can establish that the system contains a neutron star with odds $\gtrsim 5:1$. Establishing the presence of a black hole in mixed neutron star-black hole binaries is more challenging, except for the case of a $\lesssim 1\,M_{\odot}$ black hole with a $\gtrsim 1\,M_{\odot}$ neutron star companion. On the other hand, classifying each individual binary component suffers from an inherent labeling ambiguity.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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