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arXiv 2402.18890astro-ph.SR
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与大型太阳耀斑相关的磁场参数综述

Survey of Magnetic Field Parameters Associated With Large Solar Flares

Ting Li, Yanfang Zheng, Xuefeng Li, Yijun Hou, Xuebao Li, Yining Zhang, Anqin Chen

备注：
ApJ accepted for publication. 16 pages, 4 figures
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AI总结：

本研究分析323个太阳活动区的HED磁场参数，揭示磁通量与耀斑强度及CME爆发的关系，并提出可区分C级与M/X级耀斑活动区的参数组合。

摘要：

到目前为止，M/X级耀斑活动区（ARs）中的磁场与C级耀斑活动区中的磁场有何不同仍不清楚。在此，我们计算了323个活动区（217个C级和106个M/X级耀斑活动区）在高光球自由能密度区域（HED区域）内的关键磁场参数，包括总光球自由磁能密度E_free、总无符号磁通量Φ_HED、平均无符号电流螺旋度h_c、具有陡峭水平磁场梯度的极性反转线长度L_PIL等，并将这些参数与耀斑/日冕物质抛射（CME）性质进行比较。我们首先展示了耀斑强度、爆发特征与Φ_HED之间的定量关系。我们揭示，Φ_HED是给定区域内耀斑GOES通量上限的一种度量。对于给定的Φ_HED，爆发性耀斑存在F_SXR的下限。这意味着，只有相对于总自由能具有较大能量释放比例的相对较强的耀斑，才可能产生CME。我们还发现，E_free-L_PIL和E_free-h_c的组合在区分C级和M/X级耀斑活动区方面表现出良好的能力。利用确定的E_free和L_PIL临界值，可以正确预测106个M/X级耀斑活动区中的93个，以及217个C级耀斑活动区中的159个。M/X级耀斑活动区较大的L_PIL或h_c可能意味着存在紧凑电流，并有扭曲磁场缠绕其周围。

英文摘要：

Until now, how the magnetic fields in M/X-class flaring active regions (ARs) differ from C-class flaring ARs remains unclear. Here, we calculate the key magnetic field parameters within the area of high photospheric free energy density (HED region) for 323 ARs (217 C- and 106 M$/$X-flaring ARs), including total photospheric free magnetic energy density E$_{free}$, total unsigned magnetic flux $Φ$$_{HED}$, mean unsigned current helicity h$_{c}$, length of the polarity inversion lines $L$$_{PIL}$ with a steep horizontal magnetic gradient, etc., and compare these with flare/coronal mass ejection (CME) properties. We first show the quantitative relations among the flare intensity, the eruptive character and $Φ$$_{HED}$. We reveal that $Φ$$_{HED}$ is a measure for the GOES flux upper limit of the flares in a given region. For a given $Φ$$_{HED}$, there exists the lower limit of F$_\mathrm{SXR}$ for eruptive flares. This means that only the relatively strong flares with the large fraction of energy release compared to the total free energy are likely to generate a CME. We also find that the combinations of E$_{free}$-$L$$_{PIL}$ and E$_{free}$-h$_{c}$ present a good ability to distinguish between C-class and M$/$X-class flaring ARs. Using determined critical values of E$_{free}$ and $L$$_{PIL}$, one predicts correctly 93 out of 106 M/X-class flaring ARs and 159/217 C-class flaring ARs. The large $L$$_{PIL}$ or h$_{c}$ for M$/$X-class flaring ARs probably implies the presence of a compact current with twisted magnetic fields winding about it.

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