Permanent magnets are used in various products and essential for human society. If omnipresent permanent magnets could directly convert heat into electricity, they would lead to innovative energy harvesting and thermal management technologies. However, achieving such "multifunctionality" has been difficult due to poor thermoelectric performance of conventional magnets. In this work, we develop a multifunctional composite magnet (MCM) that enables giant transverse thermoelectric conversion while possessing permanent magnet features. MCM comprising alternately and obliquely stacked SmCo$_{5}$/Bi$_{0.2}$Sb$_{1.8}$Te$_{3}$ multilayers exhibits an excellent transverse thermoelectric performance at room temperature by optimizing its anisotropic structure. Owing to the extremely low interfacial electrical and thermal resistivities, the experimentally determined figure of merit $z_{\rm xy}T$ reaches 0.20 close to the analytically calculated ideal value. The MCM-based thermopile module generates 204 mW in maximum at a temperature difference of 152 K, whose power density normalized by heat transfer area and temperature gradient is not only record-high among transverse thermoelectric modules but also comparable to that of commercial thermoelectric modules utilizing the Seebeck effect. The multifunctionality of our MCM provides unprecedented opportunities for energy harvesting and thermal management everywhere permanent magnets are currently used.
Realizing record-high transverse thermoelectric figure of merit at room temperature in artificially tilted multilayers based on high power factor NiFe alloy
National Institute for Materials Science（物质材料研究机构）；University of Tsukuba（筑波大学）；The University of Tokyo（东京大学）；Resonac Corporation（瑞萨科株式会社）
First-principles study of photovoltaic and thermoelectric properties of AgBiSCl2
School of Materials Science and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology（中国矿业大学材料科学与工程学院）；School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology（中国矿业大学力学与土木工程学院）
Optoelectronic and Thermoelectric Properties of High-Performance AlSb Semiconductors
S.U. Umarov Physical-Technical Institute of NAST（S.U. 乌马罗夫物理技术研究所 (NAST)）；School of Optoelectronic Engineering & CQUPT-BUL Innovation Institute, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications（重庆邮电大学光电工程学院及CQUPT-BUL创新学院）；Tajik National University（塔吉克斯坦国立大学）
Topological Lifshitz transition-induced bipolarity of anomalous Nernst effect in kagome magnet YCo3
Zhejiang University of Technology（浙江工业大学）；Hefei National Laboratory（合肥国家实验室）；Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University（南京大学先进微结构协同创新中心）
