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arXiv 2402.17833quant-ph
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将量子处理器与实时经典通信相结合

Combining quantum processors with real-time classical communication

Almudena Carrera Vazquez, Caroline Tornow, Diego Riste, Stefan Woerner, Maika Takita, Daniel J. Egger

AI总结:

本文提出利用误差缓解的动态电路与电路切割,通过实时经典链路连接多个量子处理器,实现跨 142 个量子比特的模块化扩展,从而突破单 QPU 连接性与规模限制。

摘要:

量子计算机依据量子力学定律处理信息。当前的量子硬件存在噪声,只能短时间存储信息,并且仅限于少量量子比特(即 qubit),通常以平面连接方式排列。然而,量子计算的许多应用需要比硬件所提供的平面晶格更强的连接性,并且需要比单个量子处理单元(QPU)上可用的更多量子比特。在此,我们通过误差缓解的动态电路和电路切割来克服这些限制,以创建需要周期性连接性的量子态,使用多达 142 个量子比特,跨越多个通过经典链路实时连接的 QPU。在动态电路中,量子门可以在运行时间内由中间测量的结果进行经典控制,即在量子比特相干时间的一小部分内完成。我们的实时经典链路允许我们根据另一个 QPU 上的测量结果在一个 QPU 上施加量子门,从而实现量子硬件的模块化扩展。此外,误差缓解的控制流增强了量子比特连接性和硬件的指令集,从而提高了我们量子计算机的多功能性。因此,动态电路和量子模块化是扩大量子计算机规模并使其发挥作用的关键。

英文摘要:

Quantum computers process information with the laws of quantum mechanics. Current quantum hardware is noisy, can only store information for a short time, and is limited to a few quantum bits, i.e., qubits, typically arranged in a planar connectivity. However, many applications of quantum computing require more connectivity than the planar lattice offered by the hardware on more qubits than is available on a single quantum processing unit (QPU). Here we overcome these limitations with error mitigated dynamic circuits and circuit-cutting to create quantum states requiring a periodic connectivity employing up to 142 qubits spanning multiple QPUs connected in real-time with a classical link. In a dynamic circuit, quantum gates can be classically controlled by the outcomes of mid-circuit measurements within run-time, i.e., within a fraction of the coherence time of the qubits. Our real-time classical link allows us to apply a quantum gate on one QPU conditioned on the outcome of a measurement on another QPU which enables a modular scaling of quantum hardware. Furthermore, the error mitigated control-flow enhances qubit connectivity and the instruction set of the hardware thus increasing the versatility of our quantum computers. Dynamic circuits and quantum modularity are thus key to scale quantum computers and make them useful.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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