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arXiv 2402.17804cs.LG
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预测机器故障:基于多元时间序列的工业案例研究

Predicting machine failures from multivariate time series: an industrial case study

Politecnico di Milano(米兰理工大学)

Nicolò Oreste Pinciroli Vago, Francesca Forbicini, Piero Fraternali

AI总结:

本研究通过工业案例,评估读取窗口和预测窗口大小对六种机器学习与深度学习模型在多元时间序列故障预测中的影响,发现预测窗口维度关键,DL擅长多样模式,ML擅长重复模式。

摘要:

非神经机器学习(ML)和深度学习(DL)模型常用于工业维护背景下的系统故障预测。然而,仅有少数研究联合评估了用于预测的过去数据量变化以及预测未来延伸范围的影响。本研究评估了读取窗口大小和预测窗口大小对在三个数据集上训练用于预测故障的模型性能的影响,这三个数据集涉及(1)以离散会话方式运行的工业包装机,(2)连续运行的工业血液冷藏箱,以及(3)连续运行的氮气发生器。该问题被表述为一个二分类任务,根据在该区间内发生故障的概率,将正标签分配给预测窗口。使用多元遥测时间序列对六种算法(逻辑回归、随机森林、支持向量机、LSTM、ConvLSTM 和 Transformers)进行了比较。结果表明,在所考虑的场景中,预测窗口的维度起着关键作用,并突出了 DL 方法在对故障前具有多样时间依赖模式的数据进行分类方面的有效性,以及 ML 方法在对故障前相似且重复的模式进行分类方面的有效性。

英文摘要:

Non-neural Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models are often used to predict system failures in the context of industrial maintenance. However, only a few researches jointly assess the effect of varying the amount of past data used to make a prediction and the extension in the future of the forecast. This study evaluates the impact of the size of the reading window and of the prediction window on the performances of models trained to forecast failures in three data sets concerning the operation of (1) an industrial wrapping machine working in discrete sessions, (2) an industrial blood refrigerator working continuously, and (3) a nitrogen generator working continuously. The problem is formulated as a binary classification task that assigns the positive label to the prediction window based on the probability of a failure to occur in such an interval. Six algorithms (logistic regression, random forest, support vector machine, LSTM, ConvLSTM, and Transformers) are compared using multivariate telemetry time series. The results indicate that, in the considered scenarios, the dimension of the prediction windows plays a crucial role and highlight the effectiveness of DL approaches at classifying data with diverse time-dependent patterns preceding a failure and the effectiveness of ML approaches at classifying similar and repetitive patterns preceding a failure.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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