$^{13}$N中3$α$+p态的团簇结构
Cluster structure of 3$α$+p states in $^{13}$N
AI总结：
本文利用$^{13}$O的$β$缓发带电粒子谱学在TexAT TPC中观测$^{13}$N的3$α$+p衰变，发现四个新的$α$衰变激发态并确定其团簇结构，证明在$^{12}$C上添加质子后团簇结构仍得以保持。
摘要：
背景：由于缺乏$^{9}$B+$α$弹性散射数据，$^{13}$N中的团簇态极难测量。目的：利用$^{13}$O的$β$缓发带电粒子谱学，可以在3$α$+p衰变道中布居并测量$^{13}$N的团簇态。方法：使用德克萨斯活性靶时间投影室（TexAT TPC）对$^{13}$O进行逐次注入/衰变实验。观测到149个$β3αp$衰变事件，并重建了$^{13}$N的激发函数。结果：在$^{13}$N中观测到四个此前未知的$α$衰变激发态，激发能分别为11.3 MeV、12.4 MeV、13.1 MeV和13.7 MeV，它们通过3$α$+p道衰变。结论：这些态分别具有[$^{9}\mathrm{B}(\mathrm{g.s}) \bigotimes α$ / $p+^{12}\mathrm{C}(0_{2}^{+})$]、[$^{9}\mathrm{B}(\frac{1}{2}^{+}) \bigotimes α$]、[$^{9}\mathrm{B}(\frac{5}{2}^{+}) \bigotimes α$]和[$^{9}\mathrm{B}(\frac{5}{2}^{+}) \bigotimes α$]结构。此前在11.8 MeV处观测到的一个态也被确定为具有[$p+^{12}\mathrm{C}(\mathrm{g.s.})$ / $p+^{12}\mathrm{C}(0_{2}^{+})$]结构。然而，由于缺乏总宽度测量，团簇的整体强度无法提取。$^{13}$N中的团簇态（强度未知）似乎表明，在高度$α$团簇化的$^{12}$C上添加一个质子后，团簇结构得以保持。还观测到$^{9}$B中$\frac{1}{2}^{+}$态被$^{13}$N$^{\star}$的衰变所布居的证据。
英文摘要：
Background: Cluster states in $^{13}$N are extremely difficult to measure due to the unavailability of $^{9}$B+$α$ elastic scattering data. Purpose: Using $β$-delayed charged-particle spectroscopy of $^{13}$O, clustered states in $^{13}$N can be populated and measured in the 3$α$+p decay channel. Method: One-at-a-time implantation/decay of $^{13}$O was performed with the Texas Active Target Time Projection Chamber (TexAT TPC). 149 $β3αp$ decay events were observed and the excitation function in $^{13}$N reconstructed. Results: Four previously unknown $α$-decaying excited states were observed in $^{13}$N at an excitation energy of 11.3 MeV, 12.4 MeV, 13.1 MeV and 13.7 MeV decaying via the 3$α$+p channel. Conclusion: These states are seen to have a [$^{9}\mathrm{B}(\mathrm{g.s}) \bigotimes α$/ $p+^{12}\mathrm{C}(0_{2}^{+})$], [$^{9}\mathrm{B}(\frac{1}{2}^{+}) \bigotimes α$], [$^{9}\mathrm{B}(\frac{5}{2}^{+}) \bigotimes α$] and [$^{9}\mathrm{B}(\frac{5}{2}^{+}) \bigotimes α$] structure respectively. A previously-seen state at 11.8 MeV was also determined to have a [$p+^{12}\mathrm{C}(\mathrm{g.s.})$/ $p+^{12}\mathrm{C}(0_{2}^{+})$] structure. The overall magnitude of the clustering is not able to be extracted however due to the lack of a total width measurement. Clustered states in $^{13}$N (with unknown magnitude) seem to persist from the addition of a proton to the highly $α$-clustered $^{12}$C. Evidence of the $\frac{1}{2}^{+}$ state in $^{9}$B was also seen to be populated by decays from $^{13}$N$^{\star}$.
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