Wendelstein 7-X 放电的全局回旋动理学分析：揭示捕获电子模与电子温度梯度湍流的重要性
Global gyrokinetic analysis of Wendelstein 7-X discharge: unveiling the importance of trapped-electron-mode and electron-temperature-gradient turbulence
AI总结：
本文首次对类 W7-X 仿星器放电进行含动理学电子、平衡径向电场及电磁碰撞效应的非线性径向全局回旋动理学模拟，揭示芯部湍流电子热通量主要由 TEM 和 ETG 驱动，并强调有限电子温度梯度的关键作用。
摘要：
我们首次对类 Wendelstein 7-X（W7-X）仿星器放电进行了非线性、回旋动理学、径向全局模拟，其中包含动理学电子、平衡径向电场以及电磁和碰撞效应。通过与磁通管模拟和全磁通面模拟的比较，我们评估了平衡 ExB 流和流剪切对湍流稳定化的影响。与现有文献不同，我们进一步提供了实质性证据，表明等离子体芯部的湍流电子热通量由捕获电子模（TEM）和电子温度梯度（ETG）湍流驱动。前者以与离子温度梯度（ITG）湍流混合的形式出现，并且主要由有限的电子温度梯度驱动，而这一点在现有文献中呈现的非线性仿星器模拟中很大程度上被忽略了。
英文摘要：
We present the first nonlinear, gyrokinetic, radially global simulation of a discharge of the Wendelstein 7-X-like stellarator (W7-X), including kinetic electrons, an equilibrium radial electric field, as well as electromagnetic and collisional effects. By comparison against flux-tube and full-flux-surface simulations, we assess the impact of the equilibrium ExB-flow and flow shear on the stabilisation of turbulence. In contrast to the existing literature, we further provide substantial evidence for the turbulent electron heat flux being driven by trapped-electron-mode (TEM) and electron-temperature-gradient (ETG) turbulence in the core of the plasma. The former manifests as a hybrid together with ion-temperature-gradient (ITG) turbulence and is primarily driven by the finite electron temperature gradient, which has largely been neglected in nonlinear stellarator simulations presented in the existing literature.
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