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arXiv 2402.09523quant-phcond-mat.quant-gas
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多体系统中量子纠缠导论

Introduction to quantum entanglement in many-body systems

Anubhav Kumar Srivastava, Guillem Müller-Rigat, Maciej Lewenstein, Grzegorz Rajchel-Mieldzioć

AI总结:

本文以教学式方式介绍多体系统中的量子纠缠,重点刻画多自由度纠缠的分类、排序与结构,并综述张量网络态、对称态及实验检测认证方法。

摘要:

量子力学形式体系引入了挑战我们日常认知的新的革命性概念。可以说,量子纠缠——它解释了无法用经典方式再现的关联——是其中最引人注目的一个。除了其基础性意义之外,纠缠还是一种资源,推动着量子模拟器和量子计算机等新兴技术的发展。本章的目的是对该主题进行教学式介绍,特别强调多体场景,即分布在多个自由度之间的纠缠。由于这种情形的组合复杂性,粒子可以以多种方式相互作用并发生纠缠,我们在此对这些方式进行刻画。我们首先提供必要的数学工具和纠缠理论中的基本概念。本章的一部分将致力于对纠缠态进行分类和排序。然后,我们聚焦于凝聚态理论中有用的各种纠缠结构,例如张量网络态或对量子增强传感有用的对称态。最后,我们讨论在实验中检测和认证此类关联的最新方法,并给出一些相关的说明性例子。

英文摘要:

The quantum mechanics formalism introduced new revolutionary concepts challenging our everyday perceptions. Arguably, quantum entanglement, which explains correlations that cannot be reproduced classically, is the most notable of them. Besides its fundamental aspect, entanglement is also a resource, fueling emergent technologies such as quantum simulators and computers. The purpose of this chapter is to give a pedagogical introduction to the topic with a special emphasis on the multipartite scenario, i.e., entanglement distributed among many degrees of freedom. Due to the combinatorial complexity of this setting, particles can interact and become entangled in a plethora of ways, which we characterize here. We start by providing the necessary mathematical tools and elementary concepts from entanglement theory. A part of this chapter will be devoted to classifying and ordering entangled states. Then, we focus on various entanglement structures useful in condensed-matter theory such as tensor-network states or symmetric states useful for quantum-enhanced sensing. Finally, we discuss state-of-the-art methods to detect and certify such correlations in experiments, with some relevant illustrative examples.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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