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arXiv 2402.07982astro-ph.GA
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ALPINE-ALMA [C II] 巡天:$z \sim$ 4-6 主序星系空间偏移的特征分析

The ALPINE-ALMA [C II] survey: Characterisation of Spatial Offsets in Main-Sequence Galaxies at $z \sim$ 4-6

Meghana Killi, Michele Ginolfi, Gergö Popping, Darach Watson, Giovanni Zamorani, Brian C. Lemaux, Seiji Fujimoto, Andreas Faisst, Matthieu Bethermin, Michael Ro… 展开作者

Meghana Killi, Michele Ginolfi, Gergö Popping, Darach Watson, Giovanni Zamorani, Brian C. Lemaux, Seiji Fujimoto, Andreas Faisst, Matthieu Bethermin, Michael Romano, Yoshinobu Fudamoto, Sandro Bardelli, Médéric Boquien, Stefano Carniani, Miroslava Dessauges-Zavadsky, Carlotta Gruppioni, Nimish Hathi, Eduardo Ibar, Gareth C. Jones, Anton M. Koekemoer, Ivanna Langan, Hugo Méndez-Hernández, Yuma Sugahara, Livia Vallini, Daniela Vergani

AI总结:

本文利用ALPINE-ALMA巡天数据研究了$z\sim4-6$主序星系中恒星与星际介质发射的空间偏移,发现约30%的星系存在显著偏移,表明星系模型不能假设所有发射均为共空间。

摘要:

星系形态由恒星活动、反馈、气体和尘埃特性以及与周围环境的相互作用共同塑造,因此能够为这些过程提供深刻见解。本文研究了一组由阿塔卡马大型毫米/亚毫米波阵列(ALMA)观测的、来自ALMA早期C+探测大型项目(ALPINE)的54个处于$z\sim4-6$的主序恒星形成星系样本中,恒星与星际介质发射之间的空间偏移。我们发现,在样本中的大多数(约70%)星系中,[C II]、远红外连续谱、光学和紫外发射的任何组合之间均不存在显著的空间偏移。然而,样本中有一部分(约30%)显示出大于中位值且超过3$\sigma$显著性的偏移(相对于偏移的不确定性),特别是在[C II]和紫外发射之间。我们发现这些显著偏移约为0.5-0.7角秒,对应于约3.5-4.5千秒差距。这些偏移可能由复杂的尘埃几何结构、来自恒星和活动星系核的强烈反馈、大尺度气体流入和流出,或这些现象的组合引起。然而,我们目前的分析并未明确限制其起源。未来更高分辨率的ALMA和JWST观测可能有助于解决这一模糊性。尽管如此,既然至少存在一些星系表现出如此大的偏移,星系模型和光谱能量分布拟合代码就不能假设所有主序星系中的发射都是共空间的,并且必须考虑到不同波长下观测到的发射在空间上可能是分离的。

英文摘要:

Galaxy morphology is shaped by stellar activity, feedback, gas and dust properties, and interactions with surroundings, and can therefore provide insight into these processes. In this paper, we study the spatial offsets between stellar and interstellar medium emission in a sample of 54 main-sequence star-forming galaxies at $z\sim4-6$ observed with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and drawn from the ALMA Large Program to INvestigate C$^+$ at Early times (ALPINE). We find no significant spatial offset for the majority ($\sim$ 70 percent) of galaxies in the sample among any combination of [C II], far-infrared continuum, optical, and ultraviolet emission. However, a fraction of the sample ($\sim$ 30 percent) shows offsets larger than the median by more than 3$σ$ significance (compared to the uncertainty on the offsets), especially between [C II] and ultraviolet emission. We find that these significant offsets are of the order of $\sim$0.5-0.7 arcsec, corresponding to $\sim$3.5-4.5 kiloparsecs. The offsets could be caused by a complex dust geometry, strong feedback from stars and active galactic nuclei, large-scale gas inflow and outflow, or a combination of these phenomena. However, our current analysis does not definitively constrain the origin. Future, higher resolution ALMA and JWST observations may help resolve the ambiguity. Regardless, since there exist at least some galaxies that display such large offsets, galaxy models and spectral energy distribution fitting codes cannot assume co-spatial emission in all main-sequence galaxies, and must take into account that the observed emission across wavelengths may be spatially segregated.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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