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arXiv 2402.04593stat.MEmath.STstat.TH
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协变量含测量误差的空间自回归模型

Spatial autoregressive model with measurement error in covariates

Subhadeep Paul, Shanjukta Nath

AI总结:

本文针对协变量含测量误差的SAR模型提出ME-QMLE估计量,证明其一致性与渐近正态性,并通过数值模拟和真实数据验证其偏差校正效果。

摘要:

空间自回归模型(SAR)常用于涉及空间和网络数据的研究,以估计空间或网络同伴影响以及协变量对响应变量的效应,同时考虑单元之间的依赖性。虽然该模型可以通过拟最大似然方法(QMLE)高效估计,但协变量测量误差对QMLE的有害影响以及如何加以修正目前尚不清楚。如果协变量存在测量误差,那么即使一个节点仅受有限数量的其他节点或空间单元影响,QMLE也可能不具备$\sqrt{n}$收敛性,甚至可能是不一致的。我们针对协变量存在测量误差的情形,开发了一种测量误差校正的ML估计量(ME-QMLE),用于估计SAR模型的参数。ME-QMLE具有统计一致性和渐近正态性,我们推导了其极限协方差。我们考虑两类应用。第一类是真实协变量被不精确测量,具有重复测量或无法直接测量,而观测到的是替代变量。第二类涉及纳入从网络中带误差估计的潜在同质性因子,用于估计同伴影响。我们的数值结果验证了该估计量的偏差校正性质以及有限样本下标准误估计的准确性。我们在两个真实数据集上说明了该方法:i)新泽西州中学生GPA中的同伴影响;ii)COVID-19疫情期间县级死亡率。

英文摘要:

The Spatial AutoRegressive model (SAR) is commonly used in studies involving spatial and network data to estimate the spatial or network peer influence and the effects of covariates on the response, taking into account the dependence among units. While the model can be efficiently estimated with a Quasi maximum likelihood approach (QMLE), the detrimental effect of covariate measurement error on the QMLE and how to remedy it is currently unknown. If covariates are measured with error, then the QMLE may not have the $\sqrt{n}$ convergence and may even be inconsistent even when a node is influenced by only a limited number of other nodes or spatial units. We develop a measurement error-corrected ML estimator (ME-QMLE) for the parameters of the SAR model when covariates are measured with error. The ME-QMLE possesses statistical consistency and asymptotic normality properties and we derive its limiting covariance. We consider two types of applications. The first is when the true covariate is imprecisely measured with replicated measurements or cannot be measured directly, and a proxy is observed instead. The second one involves including latent homophily factors estimated with error from the network for estimating peer influence. Our numerical results verify the bias correction property of the estimator and the accuracy of the standard error estimates in finite samples. We illustrate the method on two real datasets; i) peer influence in GPA for middle school students in New Jersey and ii) county-level death rates from the COVID-19 pandemic.

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