Electromagnetic showers developing from the collision of an ultra-intense laser pulse with a beam of high-energy electrons or photons are investigated under conditions relevant to future experiments on multi-petawatt laser facilities. A semi-analytical model is derived that predicts the shower multiplicity, i.e. the number of pairs produced per incident seed particle (electron or gamma photon). The model is benchmarked against particle-in-cell simulations and shown to be accurate over a wide range of seed particle energies (100 MeV - 40 GeV), laser relativistic field strengths ($10 < a_0 < 1000$), and quantum parameter $χ_0$ (ranging from 1 to 40). It is shown that, for experiments expected in the next decade, only the first generations of pairs contribute to the shower while multiplicities larger than unity are predicted. Guidelines for forthcoming experiments are discussed considering laser facilities such as Apollon and ELI Beamlines. The difference between electron- and photon seeding and the influence of the laser pulse duration are investigated.
Bright, directional electron emission from nanowire coated targets under petawatt, femtosecond irradiation
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research(塔塔基础研究所);Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP)(极轻基础设施-核物理(ELI-NP));“Horia Hulubei” National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH)(“霍里亚·胡卢贝伊”国家物理与核工程研发研究所(IFIN-HH));National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest(布加勒斯特理工大学国立科技大学);University of Osaka(大阪大学)
Extreme plasma states in laser-governed vacuum breakdown
在即将到来的激光设施中触发真空击穿可以为实验室天体物理学和基础物理学的研究提供快速的电子-正电子对产生。然而,当等离子体变得不透明时,出现的等离子体的密度似乎应该在相对论临界密度处停止上升。在这里,我们确定的机会,打破这一限制,使用最佳的光束配置的拍瓦级激光器。紧密聚焦的激光场允许在远小于$λ^3$的小聚焦体积中产生等离子体,并且在密度和产生的电流方面产生极端的等离子体状态。这些态可以作为非线性等离子体物理研究的新对象。使用3D QED-PIC模拟,我们证明了达到超过$10^{25}$ cm $^{-3}$的密度的可能性,这是一个数量级高于以前的预期。通过初始目标参数控制过程,使人们有机会在即将到来的激光设施中达到所发现的等离子体状态。
Brilliant multi-GeV Compton gamma-ray source seeded by a photon accelerator
University of Gothenburg(哥德堡大学);Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory(劳伦斯伯克利国家实验室);University of York(约克大学);Chalmers University of Technology(查尔姆斯理工大学);University of Michigan(密歇根大学)
Determining Carrier-Envelope Phase of Relativistic Laser Pulses via Electron Momentum Distribution
在所谓的电子反射区研究了相对论性强聚焦激光长脉冲的载波包络相位(CEP)对反向传播电子束动力学的影响,要求电子的洛伦兹因子$γ$比无量纲激光场参数$ξ$低两个数量级.由于聚焦激光束的有质动力作用,电子在激光脉冲的上升沿被反射,沿激光偏振方向出现不对称的电子角分布,这种角分布敏感地依赖于驱动激光脉冲的CEP,从而产生微弱的辐射随机效应。在大于或等于$10^{19}$ W/cm $^2$的激光强度和高达10个周期的脉冲持续时间下可观察到CEP信号。CEP检测分辨率与电子束密度成比例,并且可以在大约$10^{15}$ cm $^{-3}$的电子密度下实现大约$0.1^{\circ}$。该方法适用于现有的激光峰值功率从几十太瓦到几拍瓦的超强激光装置。
Kilojoule-scale laser acceleration enabling efficient generation of electron-positron and muon beams
GoLP/Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa(里斯本大学技术研究所等离子体与核聚变研究所);Institute of Plasma Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences(捷克科学院等离子体物理研究所);LULI, Sorbonne Université, École Polytechnique(索邦大学综合理工学院激光与等离子体相互作用实验室);Department of Physics and Astronomy, Chalmers University of Technology(查尔姆斯理工大学物理与天文学系)
Interaction of Strong Electromagnetic Waves with Unmagnetized Pair Plasmas
Stanford University(斯坦福大学);Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology(卡弗里粒子天体物理与宇宙学研究所);Gran Sasso Science Institute(格兰萨索科学研究所);INFN – Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso(意大利国家核物理研究所-格兰萨索国家实验室);Columbia University(哥伦比亚大学);Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute(计算天体物理学中心,富尔顿研究所);Graduate School of System Informatics, Kobe University(神户大学系统信息学研究科);Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University(京都大学汤川理论物理研究所);Centre for mathematical Plasma Astrophysics, Department of Mathematics, KU Leuven(鲁汶大学数学系数学等离子体天体物理学中心);Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University(普林斯顿大学天体物理科学系)