发表机构
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf; European XFEL; Universidad de Valladolid; Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY; Universität Siegen; Universität Rostock; Technische Universität Dresden（德累斯顿罗森多夫赫尔姆霍兹中心; 欧洲X射线自由电子激光装置; 巴利亚多利德大学; 德国电子同步加速器研究所; 锡根大学; 罗斯托克大学; 德累斯顿工业大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
该研究提出结合X射线自由电子激光的共振吸收成像诊断方法，可精确测量惯性约束聚变中热密等离子体，为相关模型提供基准，推动惯性聚变能发展。
AI 中文摘要
本文提出了一种新型诊断方法，用于主动探测掺杂的惯性约束聚变（ICF）球形壳层，可借助X射线自由电子激光（XFEL）的共振吸收成像，在下一代内爆装置中直接测量混合与燃烧动力学。对嵌入掺杂剂的电荷态敏感成像，能为停滞等离子体中流体动力学不稳定性引发的电离、不透明度及材料混合提供时空分辨约束。原理验证实验已证实该方法的可行性，实验采用超短相对论激光脉冲驱动的镀铜导线热点，开展了XFEL共振探测。此外，原子与辐射流体动力学模拟结合合成共振X射线吸收成像，将该诊断概念拓展至两种场景：激光驱动的直接驱动ICF壳层（烧蚀层掺铜），以及辐射驱动的间接驱动壳层（烧蚀层掺钨）。这种将激光驱动内爆装置与高亮度XFEL结合的独特方法，可实现多keV温度下与聚变相关的热密等离子体的精确测量，为辐射流体动力学模型提供严格基准，并推动惯性聚变能的实现。
英文摘要
A novel diagnostic is proposed for active probing of doped inertial confinement fusion (ICF) spherical shells, enabling direct measurements of mix and burn dynamics at next-generation implosion facilities via resonant absorption imaging with an X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL). The charge-state-sensitive imaging of embedded dopants provides spatiotemporally resolved constraints on ionization, opacity, and material mix seeded by hydrodynamic instabilities in stagnated plasmas. Proof-of-principle experiments demonstrating resonant XFEL probing of hot spot in coated copper wires driven by an ultra-short relativistic laser pulse, have established the feasibility of this approach. Furthermore, atomic and radiation-hydrodynamic simulations, combined with synthetic resonant X-ray absorption imaging, extend the diagnostic concept to laser-driven direct-drive ICF shells with copper-doped ablators and radiation-driven indirect-drive shells with tungsten-doped ablators. This unique approach, combining a laser-driven implosion facility with a high-brightness XFEL, could enable precise measurements of fusion-relevant hot dense plasmas at multi-keV temperatures, provide stringent benchmarks for radiation-hydrodynamics models, and advance the realization of inertial fusion energy.
