磁场中旋转诱导的带电π介子凝聚体的量子涡旋相
Quantum vortex phases of charged pion condensates induced by rotation in a magnetic field
AI总结：
本文利用相对论复标量场模型研究旋转与磁场下带电π介子凝聚的基态，发现小旋转强耦合时形成涡旋晶格，大旋转弱耦合时形成巨量子涡旋，并预期可在非中心重离子碰撞中观测。
摘要：
利用具有排斥性自相互作用的相对论复标量场模型，我们讨论了在平行旋转与磁场共存条件下带电π介子凝聚的基态结构。我们先前的研究发现，凝聚体的密度分布轮廓呈现为超巨量子涡旋相，并随旋转速度和耦合常数而变化。在本工作中，我们进一步发现在小旋转和强耦合常数条件下，凝聚体中存在涡旋晶格结构。这一机制可视为电超导性：涡旋晶格的形成是为了更好地适应旋转和相互作用的变化。此外，大旋转和弱耦合常数更可能导致涡旋晶格被破坏，并形成类似于甜甜圈的巨量子涡旋。我们预期这一现象可以在具有大旋转和强磁场的相对论非中心重离子碰撞中观察到。
英文摘要：
Using the relativistic complex scalar field model with a repulsive self-interaction, we discuss the ground state structure of charged pion condensation under the coexistence of parallel rotation and magnetic field. Our previous study found that the density distribution profile of the condensates is a supergiant quantum vortex phase and change with rotational speed and coupling constant. In this work, we further discover vortex lattice structures in the condensates under conditions of small rotation and strong coupling constant. This mechanism can be thought of as electrical superconductivity: Vortex lattices are created to better adapt to changes in rotation and interaction. Furthermore, large rotation and weak coupling constant are more likely to cause the vortex lattices to be destroyed and form a giant quantum vortex similar to a doughnut. We expect this phenomenon can be observed in the relativistic non-central heavy ion collisions with large rotation and strong magnetic field.
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