arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2402.02549cs.CLcs.AIcs.LG
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大型语言模型是基于表格的事实核查器吗?

Are Large Language Models Table-based Fact-Checkers?

Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院信息工程研究所);School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学网络空间安全学院)

Hanwen Zhang, Qingyi Si, Peng Fu, Zheng Lin, Weiping Wang

AI总结:

本文探索大型语言模型在基于表格的事实验证(TFV)中的潜力,通过设计提示和指令微调实验,发现提示工程能取得可接受结果,而指令微调能显著提升TFV能力,为表格推理研究提供方向。

摘要:

基于表格的事实验证(TFV)旨在提取陈述与结构化表格之间的蕴含关系。基于小规模模型的现有TFV方法存在标注数据不足和零样本能力较弱的问题。最近,大型语言模型(LLMs)的出现引起了研究领域的广泛关注。它们在多个NLP任务中展现了强大的零样本和上下文学习能力,但其在TFV上的潜力仍未知。在本研究中,我们针对LLMs是否能作为基于表格的事实核查器进行了初步研究。具体而言,我们设计了多样化的提示来探索上下文学习如何帮助LLMs进行TFV,即零样本和少样本TFV能力。此外,我们精心设计并构建了TFV指令,以研究LLMs指令微调带来的性能提升。实验结果表明,通过提示工程,LLMs在零样本和少样本TFV上能取得可接受的结果,而指令微调能显著激发TFV能力。我们还就零样本提示的格式和上下文示例的数量得出了一些有价值的发现。最后,我们分析了通过LLMs提升TFV准确率的一些可能方向,这将有利于表格推理的进一步研究。

英文摘要:

Table-based Fact Verification (TFV) aims to extract the entailment relation between statements and structured tables. Existing TFV methods based on small-scaled models suffer from insufficient labeled data and weak zero-shot ability. Recently, the appearance of Large Language Models (LLMs) has gained lots of attraction in research fields. They have shown powerful zero-shot and in-context learning abilities on several NLP tasks, but their potential on TFV is still unknown. In this work, we implement a preliminary study about whether LLMs are table-based fact-checkers. In detail, we design diverse prompts to explore how the in-context learning can help LLMs in TFV, i.e., zero-shot and few-shot TFV capability. Besides, we carefully design and construct TFV instructions to study the performance gain brought by the instruction tuning of LLMs. Experimental results demonstrate that LLMs can achieve acceptable results on zero-shot and few-shot TFV with prompt engineering, while instruction-tuning can stimulate the TFV capability significantly. We also make some valuable findings about the format of zero-shot prompts and the number of in-context examples. Finally, we analyze some possible directions to promote the accuracy of TFV via LLMs, which is beneficial to further research of table reasoning.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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