基于Unity Render Streaming的交互式边缘/云虚拟现实游戏在Wi-Fi上的实验评估
Experimental Evaluation of Interactive Edge/Cloud Virtual Reality Gaming over Wi-Fi using Unity Render Streaming
AI总结：
本文通过Unity Render Streaming和WebRTC在Wi-Fi 6上实验评估边缘/云VR游戏流式传输，揭示其分批间隔传输特性，并证明缩短批次间隔可提升Wi-Fi效率并降低完整帧交付延迟。
摘要：
虚拟现实（VR）流式传输使终端用户即使使用低端设备也能无缝沉浸在交互式虚拟环境中。然而，VR体验的质量在很大程度上依赖于无线保真（Wi-Fi）性能，因为Wi-Fi是网络链中的最后一跳。本研究基于经验数据并利用Wi-Fi模拟器，深入探讨了Wi-Fi与VR流量之间复杂的相互作用。在这项工作中，我们进一步从所提供的服务质量（QoS）角度评估Wi-Fi对VR流式传输的适用性。具体而言，我们采用Unity Render Streaming，通过Web实时通信（WebRTC）在Wi-Fi 6上远程流式传输实时VR游戏内容，并考虑将服务器物理部署在网络边缘、靠近终端用户的位置。我们的研究结果表明，该系统具有持续稳定的网络性能，在每秒60帧和90帧（fps）下展现出极低的往返时间（RTT）和抖动。此外，我们揭示了所生成流量流的特征和模式，发现了基于WebRTC服务所固有的一种独特视频传输方式：无论目标帧率如何，视频帧（VF）都会被系统地打包，并以固定间隔分批传输。这种基于间隔的传输策略在不同视频帧率下保持了稳定的视频包延迟，但导致Wi-Fi空口时间消耗增加。我们的结果表明，缩短批次之间的间隔是有利的，因为它能提高Wi-Fi效率并减少完整帧的交付延迟。
英文摘要：
Virtual Reality (VR) streaming enables end-users to seamlessly immerse themselves in interactive virtual environments using even low-end devices. However, the quality of the VR experience heavily relies on Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) performance, since it serves as the last hop in the network chain. Our study delves into the intricate interplay between Wi-Fi and VR traffic, drawing upon empirical data and leveraging a Wi-Fi simulator. In this work, we further evaluate Wi-Fi's suitability for VR streaming in terms of the Quality of Service (QoS) it provides. In particular, we employ Unity Render Streaming to remotely stream real-time VR gaming content over Wi-Fi 6 using Web Real-Time Communication (WebRTC), considering a server physically located at the network's edge, near the end user. Our findings demonstrate the system's sustained network performance, showcasing minimal round-trip time (RTT) and jitter at 60 and 90 frames per second (fps). In addition, we uncover the characteristics and patterns of the generated traffic streams, unveiling a distinctive video transmission approach inherent to WebRTC-based services: the systematic packetization of video frames (VFs) and their transmission in discrete batches at regular intervals, regardless of the targeted frame rate. This interval-based transmission strategy maintains consistent video packet delays across video frame rates but leads to increased Wi-Fi airtime consumption. Our results demonstrate that shortening the interval between batches is advantageous, as it enhances Wi-Fi efficiency and reduces delays in delivering complete frames.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
