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arXiv 2401.17871physics.flu-dyn
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自由表面下三维湍流的实验研究

Experimental study of three-dimensional turbulence under a free surface

Timothée Jamin, Michael Berhanu, Eric Falcon

AI总结:

该研究搭建基于RASJA激励的原创实验装置,生成可调强度的近无平均流湍流,探究自由表面对三维湍流的影响,验证了近表面湍流各向异性等特性,补充了不同湍流强度下的相关行为研究。

摘要:

在诸多环境流动中,气液自由表面会与水相中的湍流发生相互作用。为模拟这一情形,我们提出了一套原创实验装置,该装置基于随机驱动合成射流阵列(Randomly Actuated Synthetic Jet Array,RASJA)激励技术,可用于研究几乎无平均流的湍流。通过连接射流的中央泵,我们生成了强度可调的湍流,该湍流具备良好的各向同性与水平均匀性,最大湍流雷诺数可达$8800$。本研究旨在表征自由表面的存在会如何改变湍流特性。研究表明,当流体深度小于积分长度时,自由表面会对湍流产生影响。我们发现,在趋近自由表面的过程中,湍流脉动会呈现出强烈的各向异性:近表面处垂直速度脉动减弱,而水平速度脉动增强,这与此前的理论预测和数值观测结果一致。我们还观测到,大尺度下水平速度的时空功率谱幅值显著提升,表明近自由表面处的这类速度脉动有所增强。此外,我们还针对不同湍流强度水平研究了上述行为。

英文摘要:

In many environmental flows, an air-water free surface interacts with a turbulent flow in the water phase. To mimic this situation, we propose an original experimental setup, based on the Randomly Actuated Synthetic Jet Array (RASJA) forcing used to study turbulence with almost no mean flow. By using a central pump connected to jets, we generate a turbulent flow of tunable intensity, with good isotropy and horizontal homogeneity, up to a maximal turbulent Reynolds number of $8800$. The aim here is to characterize how turbulence is modified by the presence of a free surface. We show that the free surface affects turbulence for fluid depths smaller than the integral length. We report that the turbulent fluctuations become strongly anisotropic when approaching the free surface. The vertical velocity fluctuations decrease close to the surface whereas the horizontal ones increase, as reported in previous theoretical predictions and numerical observations. We also observe a strong enhancement of the amplitude of the temporal and spatial power spectra of the horizontal velocity at large scales, showing the strengthening of these velocity fluctuations near the free surface. Besides, these behaviors are studied for various levels of turbulence.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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