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arXiv 2401.05652math.AGmath.NTmath.QAmath.RT
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周期性平坦连接p-曲率的性质

$p$-curvature of periodic pencils of flat connections

MIT(麻省理工学院);University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill(北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校)

Pavel Etingof, Alexander Varchenko

AI总结:

本文研究了周期性平坦连接的$p$-curvature性质,证明其运算符与交换终点等谱,并计算了多种连接的特征值,展示了其在特征$p>0$下的正则奇点和有理残差特性。

摘要:

在arXiv:2401.00636中,我们引入了平滑变种$X$上的周期性平坦连接的 pencil 的概念。具体来说,pencil 是一个线性家族的平坦连接 $\nabla(s_1,...,s_n)=d-\sum_{i=1}^r\sum_{j=1}^ns_jB_{ij}dx_i$,其中 $\lbrace x_i\rbrace$ 是$X$上的坐标,$B_{ij}: X\to {\rm Mat}_N$ 是矩阵值的正则函数。如果该pencil在泛泛意义上在 $s_j\mapsto s_j+1$ 的位移下保持不变,则称为周期性。在本论文中,我们证明在特征 $p>0$ 的情况下,周期性pencil $\nabla$ 的 $p$-curvature 运算符 $\lbrace C_i,1\le i\le r\rbrace$ 与交换的终点 $C_i^*:=\sum_{j=1}^n (s_j-s_j^p)B_{ij}^{(1)}$ 是等谱的,其中 $B_{ij}^{(1)}$ 是$B_{ij}$的Frobenius扭。利用arXiv:2401.00636的结果,这使我们能够计算许多重要pencil的平坦连接的特征值,包括Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov (KZ)、Casimir、Dunkl连接及其极限、以及具有有限多个环面固定点的锥形辛解析的equivariant量子连接。特别是,对于参数为有理数的情况,这些特征值为零,因此这些连接是全局nilpotent的。我们还证明每个周期性pencil都有正则奇点,其残差在参数为有理数的情况下具有有理数特征值。特别是,这适用于上述量子连接如果它们具有有理数系数的情况。此外,我们还将这些结果推广到不规则pencil(KZ、Casimir、Dunkl和Toda),并在Dunkl情况下将其与有理数Cherednik代数的表示联系起来。最后,我们将主要结果扩展到伪pencil,并讨论差分方程的一般化。

英文摘要:

In arXiv:2401.00636 we introduced the notion of a periodic pencil of flat connections on a smooth variety $X$. Namely, a pencil is a linear family of flat connections $\nabla(s_1,...,s_n)=d-\sum_{i=1}^r\sum_{j=1}^ns_jB_{ij}dx_i,$ where $\lbrace x_i\rbrace$ are coordinates on $X$ and $B_{ij}: X\to {\rm Mat}_N$ are matrix-valued regular functions. A pencil is periodic if it is generically invariant under the shifts $s_j\mapsto s_j+1$ up to isomorphism. In this paper we show that in characteristic $p>0$, the $p$-curvature operators $\lbrace C_i,1\le i\le r\rbrace$ of a periodic pencil $\nabla$ are isospectral to the commuting endomorphisms $C_i^*:=\sum_{j=1}^n (s_j-s_j^p)B_{ij}^{(1)}$, where $B_{ij}^{(1)}$ is the Frobenius twist of $B_{ij}$. Using the results of arXiv:2401.00636, this allows us to compute the eigenvalues of the $p$-curvature for many important examples of pencils of flat connections, including Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov (KZ), Casimir, and Dunkl connections, their confluent limits, and equivariant quantum connections for conical symplectic resolutions with finitely many torus fixed points. In particular, for rational values of parameters these eigenvalues are zero, so the connections are globally nilpotent. We also show that every periodic pencil has regular singularites and its residues have rational eigenvalues for rational values of parameters. In particular, this holds for the aforementioned quantum connections if they have rational coefficients. Also we generalize these results to irregular pencils (KZ, Casimir, Dunkl, and Toda), and relate them in the Dunkl case to representations of rational Cherednik algebras. Finally, we extend our main result to pseudo-pencils and discuss the generalization to difference equations.

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