基于电容体积传感的微重力质量测量研究：传感器设计与实验
Toward Microgravity Mass Gauging with Electrical Capacitance Volume Sensing: Sensor Design and Experiment
AI总结：
针对微重力环境下贮箱燃料质量测量的难题，本文提出源自ECVT的无需成像的ECVS测量模式，对比两种电容测量模式，评估不同电极板布局并通过原型实验分析其对测量性能的影响，为相关传感器设计优化提供依据。
摘要：
自载人航天早期以来，人们就一直在考虑将电容传感器用于燃料质量测量。然而，在微重力环境下对贮箱进行测量时会遇到一些难题：表面张力效应会导致流体润湿贮箱内表面，在内部形成大的空腔；而推力/沉降效应则可能形成分散的两相混合物。除基于电容的传感技术外，很少有传感技术能很好地适用于环形、分层和分散状的流体构型测量。本文对比了两种电容测量模式：电容体积层析成像（Electrical Capacitance Volume Tomography，ECVT）和电容体积传感（Electrical Capacitance Volume Sensing，ECVS）。ECVT是2006年首次提出的一种非侵入式成像模式，ECVS则是本文提出的一种测量模式，它源自ECVT技术，但在质量测量过程中无需重建图像。为优化未来基于电容的球形贮箱质量测量传感器的设计，本文在质量测量场景下评估了不同的电极板布局。研究人员制作了传感器原型，并在不同姿态下对充液状态开展了实验，通过成像和平均化技术分析了极板布局及其对传感器作为燃料质量测量装置的性能影响。
英文摘要：
The use of capacitance sensors for fuel mass gauging has been in consideration since the early days of manned space flight. However, certain difficulties arise when considering tanks in microgravity environments. Surface tension effects lead to fluid wetting of the interior surface of the tank, leaving large interior voids, while thrust/settling effects can lead to dispersed two-phase mixtures. With the exception of capacitance-based sensing, few sensing technologies are well suited for measuring annular, stratified, and dispersed fluid configurations. Two modalities of capacitance measurement are compared: Electrical Capacitance Volume Tomography (ECVT) and Electrical Capacitance Volume Sensing (ECVS). ECVT is a non-invasive imaging modality first introduced in 2006. ECVS is a measurement modality introduced in this paper that is derived from ECVT technology but does not reconstruct an image as part of the mass measurement. To optimize the design of future capacitance-based spherical tank mass gauging sensors, different electrode plate layouts are evaluated in a mass gauging context. Prototype sensors are constructed, and experiments are conducted with fluid fills in various orientations. The plate layouts and their effect on the performance of the sensor as a fuel mass gauge are analyzed through the use of imaging and averaging techniques.
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