arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2401.04783math.NAcs.LGcs.NAphysics.comp-ph
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用于BGK方程的双曲型机器学习矩封闭方法

Hyperbolic Machine Learning Moment Closures for the BGK Equations

Michigan State University(密歇根州立大学);Texas Tech University(德州理工大学)

Andrew J. Christlieb, Mingchang Ding, Juntao Huang, Nicholas A. Krupansky

AI总结:

针对BGK动理学模型Grad矩展开的封闭问题,提出基于神经网络的双曲型封闭方法,通过设计网络结构保证稳定性、采用先进训练工具适配非线性、结合FORCE数值方法求解,可在宽克努森数范围得到精确矩解。

摘要:

我们利用在BGK矩数据上训练的神经网络(NN),为Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook(BGK)动理学模型的Grad矩展开提出了一种双曲型封闭方法。该封闭方法的灵感来源于我们在输运封闭相关论文\textit{\textbackslash cite\textit{[Huang2022-RTE1]}}中推导的自由流极限精确封闭,该精确封闭将最高阶矩的梯度与四个低阶矩的梯度关联起来。与我们过往的工作类似,本文提出的模型通过所有低阶矩的梯度系数来学习最高阶矩的梯度,这必然导致所得的双曲系统在最高阶矩上不具备守恒性。为保证稳定性,神经网络的输出层被设计为强制满足双曲性和伽利略不变性,这确保了模型可在神经网络的训练区间之外运行。与我们此前研究辐射输运时处理的线性模型不同,BGK模型的非线性需要更先进的训练工具,包括最优学习率搜索、单周期训练、每个神经层的批量归一化,以及\texttt{AdamW}优化器的使用。为解决双曲模型的非守恒结构问题,我们采用FORCE数值方法以获得鲁棒的解,由此构建了一个将学习型封闭方法与双曲模型求解方法相结合的综合计算模型。该模型能够在广泛的克努森数范围内获取精确的矩解。本文详细阐述了这种多尺度模型的构建过程,并在一系列测试问题上开展了验证。

英文摘要:

We introduce a hyperbolic closure for the Grad moment expansion of the Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook's (BGK) kinetic model using a neural network (NN) trained on BGK's moment data. This closure is motivated by the exact closure for the free streaming limit that we derived in our paper on closures in transport \cite{Huang2022-RTE1}. The exact closure relates the gradient of the highest moment to the gradient of four lower moments. As with our past work, the model presented here learns the gradient of the highest moment in terms of the coefficients of gradients for all lower ones. By necessity, this means that the resulting hyperbolic system is not conservative in the highest moment. For stability, the output layers of the NN are designed to enforce hyperbolicity and Galilean invariance. This ensures the model can be run outside of the training window of the NN. Unlike our previous work on radiation transport that dealt with linear models, the BGK model's nonlinearity demanded advanced training tools. These comprised an optimal learning rate discovery, one cycle training, batch normalization in each neural layer, and the use of the \texttt{AdamW} optimizer. To address the non-conservative structure of the hyperbolic model, we adopt the FORCE numerical method to achieve robust solutions. This results in a comprehensive computing model combining learned closures with methods for solving hyperbolic models. The proposed model can capture accurate moment solutions across a broad spectrum of Knudsen numbers. Our paper details the multi-scale model construction and is run on a range of test problems.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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