对关于“各向同性介质中电动力学的协变表述”评论的回复

Covariant formulation of electrodynamics in isotropic media

The equations of electromagnetic fields in a medium is usually written in the rest frame of the medium. We outline a method of generalizing the discussion to arbitrary inertial frames. In the discussion, we also include the possibility that the medium is optically active, a possibility that is often overlooked in discussions of electromagnetic fields in a medium.

对“关于‘出射光脉冲对纳米灯丝端面作用力的理论分析’的评论”的答复

Reply to "Comment on 'Theoretical analysis of the force on the end face of a nano-filament exerted by an outgoing light pulse'"

我们回应对我们论文的评论[Physical Review A 80，023823（2009）]，这似乎源于对经典电动力学各种能量动量张量的误解。结果表明，每个应力张量，当结合使用相应的力密度和动量密度表达式，产生的结果是一致的麦克斯韦方程组和守恒定律。

协变场线：电动力学的几何方法

Covariant field lines: a geometrical approach to electrodynamics

本文提出协变电磁场线概念，通过几何方法推导场线曲率闭式公式及洛伦兹力方程的一阶修正，绕开自力奇异性并为辐射反作用提供新见解。

The Relativistic Point Charge Revisited : Novel Features

A fully relativistically covariant formulation of the classical Maxwell electrodynamics of an arbitrarily-moving point charge is presented, purely in terms of gauge invariant potentials without entailing any gauge fixing. A new, relativistically covariant energy-momentum tensor for the radiation fields is derived and yields results for the angular power distribution, in full agreement with results derived in a frame-dependent manner in standard texts of classical electrodynamics. This is then used to present a full derivation, not available in standard texts, of the energy-momentum and orbital…

非均匀旋转介质的电动力学及Abraham和Minkowski张量II：应用

The Electrodynamics of Inhomogeneous Rotating Media and the Abraham and Minkowski Tensors II: Applications

应用驱动形式的协变理论研究了一类理想绝缘介质。在Abraham、Minkowski和对称化Minkowski电磁应力-能量-动量张量的背景下，指出了均匀有界和无界静止介质中的“经典光子”概念与静止无界磁电介质中的“经典光子”概念之间的区别。这些概念导致了关于这些（和其他）张量在描述运动介质中的电磁相互作用中的作用的激烈辩论。为了解决这些问题的材料的闵可夫斯基本构关系，谐波通过均匀和非均匀，各向同性的平面平板在休息时的传播首先被认为是。为了激发对加速介质的后续分析，列举了两类求解均匀旋转均匀极化介质麦克斯韦方程组的电磁模式。最后，它表明，在入射的单色，圆偏振，平面电磁波的影响下，亚伯拉罕和对称闵可夫斯基张量诱导不同的时间平均扭矩均匀旋转的材料不均匀的介质柱。我们认为，这一观察可能提供新的途径，探索实验更一般的加速介质的协变电动力学。

Maxwell 方程是 Lorentz 协变的吗？

Are Maxwell's equations Lorentz-covariant?

本文分析了 Maxwell 电动力学 Lorentz 协变性的实际含义，指出 Maxwell 方程具备协变潜力，但需通过假设场函数的特定变换性质来构建，协变性仅为可能性而非必然现实。

Effective metrics and a fully covariant description of constitutive tensors in electrodynamics

Using electromagnetism to study analogue space-times is tantamount to considering consistency conditions for when a given (meta-)material would provide an analogue space-time model or --- vice versa --- characterizing which given metric could be modelled with a (meta-)material. While the consistency conditions themselves are by now well known and studied, the form the metric takes once they are satisfied is not. This question is mostly easily answered by keeping the formalisms of the two research fields here in contact as close to each other as possible. While fully covariant formulations of t…

对Compagno和Compagico的回应

Response to Compagno and Persico

本文指出了Compagno和Pastrico在对我对他们最近发表的关于经典电动力学中的自修饰和辐射反应的论文的评论的答复（2002年J. Phys. A：Math. Gen. 35，8965）中的一些数学上不正确的说法。

Covariant formulation of at finite speed propagating electric interaction of moving charges in Euclidean geometry

Maxwell's electrodynamics postulates the finite propagation speed of electromagnetic (EM) action and the notion of EM fields, but it only satisfies the requirement of the covariance in Minkowski metric (Lorentz invariance). Darwin's force law of moving charges, which originates from Maxwell's field theory complies the Lorentz invariance as well. Poincaré's principle stating that physical laws can be formulated with identical meaning on different geometries suggest, that the retarded EM interaction of moving charges might be covariant even in Euclidean geometry (Galilean invariance). Keeping th…

Covariant Response Theory and the Boost Transform of the Dielectric Tensor

After a short critique of the Minkowski formulae for the electromagnetic constitutive laws in moving media, we argue that in actual fact the problem of Lorentz-covariant electromagnetic response theory is automatically solved within the framework of modern microscopic electrodynamics of materials. As an illustration, we first rederive the well-known relativistic transformation behavior of the microscopic conductivity tensor. Thereafter, we deduce from first principles the transformation law of the wavevector- and frequency-dependent dielectric tensor under Lorentz boost transformations.

介质电动力学中爱因斯坦协方差原理的某些推论

Some consequences of the Einstein covariance principle in electrodynamics of media

我们表明，爱因斯坦协变原理提供了一个机会，从一个已知的协变方程产生无穷多个解决方案。利用这一陈述，我们导出了任意外场中介质中电荷和电流密度的精确表达式。我们得到，在均匀非色散介质中，点粒子的场在短距离内不同于公知的表达式。我们还表明，在线性介质中的二次谐波产生和光学检测成为可能的径向偏振辐射领域。

Generally Covariant Maxwell Theory for Media with a Local Response: Progress since 2000

In the recent decades, it became more and more popular for engineers, physicists, and mathematicians alike to put the Maxwell equations into a generally covariant form. This is particularly useful for understanding the fundamental structure of electrodynamics (conservation of electric charge and magnetic flux). Moreover, it is ideally suited for applying it to media with local (and mainly linear) response behavior. We try to collect the new knowledge that grew out of this development. We would like to ask the participants of EMTS 2016 to inform us of work that we may have overlooked in our rev…

经典电动力学中的线性介质与Post约束

Linear media in classical electrodynamics and the Post constraint

麦克斯韦方程组在1+3维和随后的4维中以通常协变和无度量的方式被制定。为此，我们使用激发$\cal D$、$\cal H$和场强$E,B$。假设激发和场强之间的局部线性本构关系，具有36个分量的本构张量$χ^{ijkl}=-χ^{jikl}=-χ^{ijlk}$。讨论了该张量的性质。特别是，我们解决后约束的有效性，一个正在讨论的主题。在这方面，Tellegen回转器，轴子场，“完美的电磁导体”的Lindell和Sihvola相互比较。

电磁四动量关于四矢量E^α和B^α的协变表述

Covariant Formulation of Electromagnetic 4-Momentum in Terms of 4-Vectors E^αand B^α

解释了真实变换（TT）和表观变换（AT）之间的根本区别。TT指的是相同的数量，而AT指的是，例如，在不同的惯性参考系中进行相同的测量。证明了三向量E和B的通常变换是-AT。构造了电场和磁场的四矢量E（sup alpha）和B（sup alpha）的协变电动力学。它还表明，传统的同步定义的电磁能量和动量包含这两个，AT的体积，即，Lorentz收缩，以及E和B的AT，而Rohrlich的表达式仅包含E和B的AT。利用E（sup alpha）和B（sup alpha）构造了能量-动量密度张量和电磁4-动量的显协变表达式。本文讨论了“4/3”问题，并证明了以前的所有处理要么包含体积的AT，要么包含E和B的AT，或者两者都包含。在我们的方法中，所有的量都是四维时空张量，其变换是TT。

在闵可夫斯基的路上。从四维到三维麦克斯韦电磁学

Backwards on Minkowski's road. From 4D to 3D Maxwellian electromagnetism

闵可夫斯基的四维物理空间概念是现代物理学的核心范式。将三维麦克斯韦电动力学唯一地推广到协变的四维形式。协变四维形式的（1+3）分解是唯一的吗？电动力学的不同符号假设是如何从这种分解中产生的？这些假设中哪些是基本的，哪些可以修改？闵可夫斯基时空度规是如何从这种初步的无度规构造中产生的？在本文中，我们正在寻找上述问题的答案。我们的主要结果是推导出四种不同的可能的电动力学方程组，它们可能发生在不同类型的各向同性电磁介质中。波在这些介质中的传播由闵可夫斯基光学度量描述。此外，电能和磁能在所有情况下都是非负的。我们还表明，正确的方向的洛伦兹力（作为一个后果的Dufay和Lenz规则）举行真正的所有这些情况下。然而，这四种媒介之间的差异必须具有物理意义。特别地，三个电磁不变量的符号是不同的。

电荷没有螺旋感--评达罗查和罗德里格斯的电动力学无扭公式

An electric charge has no screw sense--a comment on the twistfree formulation of electrodynamics by da Rocha & Rodrigues

Da Rocha和Rodigues（RR）声称：（i）在经典电动力学中，矢量演算中对极矢量和轴矢量的区分，以及外部演算中对扭转和非扭转形式的区分是不适当的和多余的;（ii）他们可以从麦克斯韦方程组导出洛伦兹力方程。对于（i），我们指出，极性/轴向和扭转/非扭转的区别来自于电荷是纯标量的性质，即不携带任何螺旋感。因此，上述区别是电动力学任何基本理论的必要组成部分。如果将允许的坐标变换限制为具有正雅可比行列式的坐标变换（或规定一个等价的约束），则RR方案可以被容纳;然而，这样的限制是非法的，因为电动力学实际上在具有负雅可比行列式的变换下也是协变的。关于（ii）从麦克斯韦方程组“推导”洛伦兹力，我们指出RR首先忘记了给麦克斯韦方程组中的符号F（场强）一个运算意义。他们的证据是空的。总结：RR的方法并没有给电动力学的结构带来任何新的见解。

Ponderomotive forces in electrodynamics of moving media: The Minkowski and Abraham approaches

In the general setting of the problem, the explicit compact formulae are derived for the ponderomotive forces in the macroscopic electrodynamics of moving media in the Minkowski and Abraham approaches. Taking account of the Minkowski constitutive equations and making use of a special representation for the Abraham energy-momentum tensor enable one to obtain a compact expression for the Abraham force in the case of arbitrary dependence of the medium velocity on spatial coordinates and the time and for nonstationary external electromagnetic field. We term the difference between the ponderomotive…