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arXiv 2401.00530quant-phcond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.supr-con
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利用非厄米微扰探测拓扑相变

Probing topological phase transition with non-Hermitian perturbations

Jingcheng Liang, Chen Fang, Jiangping Hu

AI总结:

本文提出利用非厄米微扰探测拓扑相变并检测非阿贝尔零模,通过 Loschmidt echo 在不同相中的衰减差异区分相态,该方法避免了平庸零能态的歧义。

摘要:

我们证明非厄米微扰能够探测拓扑相变并明确检测非阿贝尔零模。我们发现在精心设计的非厄米微扰下,拓扑非平庸相中 Loschmidt echo (LE) 衰减至 1/N,其中 N 为基态简并度,而在平庸相中它趋近于 1。这种区分对非厄米微扰中的微小参数偏差具有鲁棒性。我们进一步研究了四个支持 Majorana 或 parafermionic 零模的著名模型。通过计算它们对特定非厄米微扰的动力学响应,我们证明稳态 LE 确实能区分不同相。该方法避免了平庸零能态引入的歧义,从而为证明拓扑非平庸相的出现提供了一种有前景的替代方案。文中还讨论了非厄米微扰的实验实现。

英文摘要:

We demonstrate that non-Hermitian perturbations can probe topological phase transitions and unambiguously detect non-Abelian zero modes. We show that under carefully designed non-Hermitian perturbations, the Loschmidt echo(LE) decays into 1/N where N is the ground state degeneracy in the topological non-trivial phase, while it approaches 1 in the trivial phase. This distinction is robust against small parameter deviations in the non-Hermitian perturbations. We further study four well-known models that support Majorana or parafermionic zero modes. By calculating their dynamical responses to specific non-Hermitian perturbations, we prove that the steady-state LE can indeed differentiate between different phases. This method avoids the ambiguity introduced by trivial zero-energy states and thus provides an alternative and promising way to demonstrate the emergence of topologically non-trivial phases. The experimental realizations of non-Hermitian perturbations are discussed.

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