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arXiv 2312.09079astro-ph.HE
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来自 LHAASO 对 GRB 221009A 观测的洛伦兹不变性破缺约束

Constraints on Lorentz invariance violation from the LHAASO observation of GRB 221009A

Yu-Ming Yang, Xiao-Jun Bi, Peng-Fei Yin

AI总结:

本研究利用 LHAASO 对 GRB 221009A 余辉的多能段观测,结合配对视角法和最大似然法,对量子引力能标给出严格下限约束,并发现亚光速情形受约束更强。

摘要:

在一些量子引力(QG)理论中,洛伦兹对称性可能在普朗克能标以上被破缺。洛伦兹不变性破缺(LIV)可能在低能区诱发可观测效应,并可在高能天体物理测量中被探测到。大型高海拔空气簇射观测站(LHAASO)已探测到 GRB 221009A 余辉的起始、上升和衰减阶段,覆盖了大约从 0.2 到 18 TeV 的宽光子能量范围。这一观测为研究洛伦兹不变性破缺效应提供了极好的机会。在本研究中,我们同时利用 LHAASO 的 KM2A 和 WCDA 探测器数据,并应用两种逐事件方法,即配对视角方法和最大似然方法,来研究 LIV。我们获得了对 QG 能标的严格约束。例如,通过最大似然方法,我们确定 95% 置信水平下限为:对于 n = 1 的亚光速(超光速)情形,E_{QG,1} > 14.7 (6.5)×10^{19} GeV;对于 n = 2 的亚光速(超光速)情形,E_{QG,2} > 12.0 (7.2)×10^{11} GeV。我们发现余辉的快速上升和缓慢衰减行为可以对亚光速情形施加强约束,而对超光速情形的约束则较弱。

英文摘要:

In some quantum gravity (QG) theories, Lorentz symmetry may be broken above the Planck scale. The Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) may induce observable effects at low energies and be detected at high energy astrophysical measurements. The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory(LHAASO) has detected the onset, rise, and decay phases of the afterglow of GRB 221009A, covering a wide energy range of photons approximately from $0.2$ to $18$ TeV. This observation provides an excellent opportunity to study the Lorentz invariance violation effect. In this study, we simultaneously utilize the data from the KM2A and WCDA detectors of LHAASO, and apply two event by event methods, namely the pair view method and maximum likelihood method, to investigate LIV. We obtain stringent constraints on the QG energy scale. For instance, through the maximum likelihood method, we determine the 95$\%$ confidence level lower limits to be $E_{QG,1} > 14.7 (6.5)\times 10^{19}$GeV for the subluminal (superluminal) scenario of $n = 1$, and $E_{QG,2} > 12.0 (7.2)\times 10^{11}$GeV for the subluminal (superluminal) scenario of $n = 2$. We find that the rapid rise and slow decay behaviors of the afterglow can impose strong constraints on the subluminal scenario, while the constraints are weaker for the superluminal scenario.

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