arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2311.00751astro-ph.COastro-ph.EPastro-ph.GAhep-ph
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流浪世界遇上暗面:用Nancy Grace Roman太空望远镜揭示地球质量原初黑洞

Rogue worlds meet the dark side: revealing terrestrial-mass primordial black holes with the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope

William DeRocco, Evan Frangipane, Nick Hamer, Stefano Profumo, Nolan Smyth

AI总结:

本文提出利用Nancy Grace Roman太空望远镜观测微透镜事件持续时间的分布特征,以在自由漂浮行星背景中揭示隐藏的地球质量原初黑洞子群体,从而探测暗物质比例并确定现有超短时标微透镜事件的起源。

摘要:

引力微透镜是观测非发光天体最强的观测技术之一。现有的微透镜观测提供了一群起源未知的低质量天体存在的诱人证据。这些事件可能由地球质量的自由漂浮行星或原初黑洞等奇异天体引起。然而,由于相同质量的透镜天体产生的光变曲线存在简并,无法在逐个事件的基础上分辨这些天体的本质。相反,必须对透镜事件的分布进行统计比较,以确定透镜群体的本质。虽然现有的观测缺乏识别多个透镜子群体所需的统计量,但随着Nancy Grace Roman太空望远镜的发射,这种情况将发生改变。Roman的银河系核球时域巡天预计将观测到数百次低质量微透镜事件,从而实现对这一群体的稳健统计表征。在本文中,我们展示了通过利用透镜事件持续时间分布的特征,Roman将对隐藏在自由漂浮行星背景中的原初黑洞子群体变得敏感。Roman的探测范围在峰值灵敏度下将延伸至低至$f_\ ext{PBH} = 10^{-4}$的原初黑洞暗物质比例,并且将能够决定性地确定现有超短时标微透镜事件的起源。阳性探测结果将提供证据,表明宇宙暗物质的很大一部分由宏观的非发光天体组成。

英文摘要:

Gravitational microlensing is one of the strongest observational techniques to observe non-luminous astrophysical bodies. Existing microlensing observations provide tantalizing evidence of a population of low-mass objects whose origin is unknown. These events may be caused by terrestrial-mass free-floating planets or by exotic objects such as primordial black holes. However, the nature of these objects cannot be resolved on an event-by-event basis, as the induced light curve is degenerate for lensing bodies of identical mass. One must instead statistically compare \textit{distributions} of lensing events to determine the nature of the lensing population. While existing surveys lack the statistics required to identify multiple subpopulations of lenses, this will change with the launch of the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope. Roman's Galactic Bulge Time Domain Survey is expected to observe hundreds of low-mass microlensing events, enabling a robust statistical characterization of this population. In this paper, we show that by exploiting features in the distribution of lensing event durations, Roman will be sensitive to a subpopulation of primordial black holes hidden amongst a background of free-floating planets. Roman's reach will extend to primordial black hole dark matter fractions as low as $f_\text{PBH} = 10^{-4}$ at peak sensitivity, and will be able to conclusively determine the origin of existing ultrashort-timescale microlensing events. A positive detection would provide evidence that a significant fraction of the cosmological dark matter consists of macroscopic, non-luminous objects.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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