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arXiv 2310.09406quant-phcond-mat.stat-mech
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开放量子系统中的边缘模式与对称性保护拓扑态

Edge modes and symmetry-protected topological states in open quantum systems

Dawid Paszko, Dominic C. Rose, Marzena H. Szymańska, Arijeet Pal

AI总结:

本文基于 Lindblad 与量子轨迹理论研究开放系统中的 $Z_2\ imes Z_2$ SPT 序,证明强对称耗散可维持非局域逻辑量子比特稳态流形,并利用边缘弱对称记忆设计信息恢复协议。

摘要:

拓扑序为处理可免受缺陷影响的量子信息提供了可能性。然而,其在非平衡条件下的稳定性问题与实验密切相关,因为在实验中系统与环境的耦合不可避免。在本工作中,我们在开放量子系统的 Lindblad 形式和量子轨迹形式中,证明了 $Z_2 \ imes Z_2$ 对称性保护拓扑(SPT)序的某些方面对一大类耗散通道具有鲁棒性。我们通过一维 $ZXZ$ cluster Hamiltonian 以及 Pauli-string 跳跃算符来说明这一点。我们表明,某些保留强对称性的耗散选择支持由两个非局域逻辑量子比特组成的稳态流形;而对于保持全局对称性的 Hamiltonian 微扰,该流形中的态仍保持亚稳态。相比之下,一旦破坏上述对称性,这种亚稳态就会被摧毁。虽然 cluster Hamiltonian 的局域边缘量子比特不被 Lindbladian 演化守恒,但它们确实对应于弱对称性,因此在量子轨迹中始终保留其初始态的记忆。我们利用这一特征构建了通过监测跳跃或误差缓解来恢复量子信息的协议。因此,我们的工作提出了一个研究耗散 SPT 相动力学的新框架,并为工程化制备与量子信息处理相关的纠缠态开辟了可能性。

英文摘要:

Topological order offers possibilities for processing quantum information which can be immune to imperfections. However, the question of its stability out of equilibrium is relevant for experiments, where coupling to an environment is unavoidable. In this work we demonstrate the robustness of certain aspects of $Z_2 \times Z_2$ symmetry-protected topological (SPT) order against a wide class of dissipation channels in the Lindblad and quantum trajectory formalisms of an open quantum system. This is illustrated using the one-dimensional $ZXZ$ cluster Hamiltonian along with Pauli-string jump operators. We show that certain choices of dissipation retaining strong symmetries support a steady-state manifold consisting of two non-local logical qubits, and for Hamiltonian perturbations preserving the global symmetry, states in this manifold remain metastable. In contrast, this metastability is destroyed upon breaking the above-mentioned symmetry. While the localized edge qubits of the cluster Hamiltonian are not conserved by the Lindbladian evolution, they do correspond to weak symmetries and thus retain a memory of their initial state at all times in the quantum trajectories. We utilize this feature to construct protocols to retrieve the quantum information either by monitoring jumps or error mitigation. Our work thus proposes a novel framework to study the dynamics of dissipative SPT phases and opens the possibility of engineering entangled states relevant to quantum information processing.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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