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arXiv 2310.08573cs.RO
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PolyTask:通过行为蒸馏学习统一策略

PolyTask: Learning Unified Policies through Behavior Distillation

New York University(纽约大学)

Siddhant Haldar, Lerrel Pinto

AI总结:

PolyTask通过先学习后蒸馏机制,利用少量演示训练任务特定策略,再经行为蒸馏统一为单一策略,在模拟和真实机器人环境中显著超越多任务与终身学习的最先进方法。

摘要:

能够解决多种任务的统一模型在视觉和自然语言处理领域已受到广泛关注,这得益于它们能够跨任务共享规律和结构,从而提升单个任务的性能并减少计算开销。然而,这类模型在具身学习问题中的影响仍然有限,因为具身学习面临交互性、样本效率低和任务顺序呈现等独特挑战。在这项工作中,我们提出了PolyTask,一种通过“先学习后蒸馏”机制来学习能够解决多种具身任务的单一统一模型的新方法。在“学习”步骤中,PolyTask利用每个任务的少量演示来训练特定于任务的政策。然后,在“蒸馏”步骤中,使用一种名为行为蒸馏的新蒸馏方法将特定于任务的政策蒸馏为单一政策。给定统一政策后,可以通过条件变量提取单个任务的行为。PolyTask设计上概念简单,同时能够利用强化学习中成熟算法来实现交互性,利用少量专家演示来实现样本效率,并在蒸馏过程中避免对任务的交互访问以实现终身学习。在三个模拟环境套件和一个真实机器人套件上的实验表明,PolyTask在多任务和终身学习设置中显著优于先前的最先进方法。

英文摘要:

Unified models capable of solving a wide variety of tasks have gained traction in vision and NLP due to their ability to share regularities and structures across tasks, which improves individual task performance and reduces computational footprint. However, the impact of such models remains limited in embodied learning problems, which present unique challenges due to interactivity, sample inefficiency, and sequential task presentation. In this work, we present PolyTask, a novel method for learning a single unified model that can solve various embodied tasks through a 'learn then distill' mechanism. In the 'learn' step, PolyTask leverages a few demonstrations for each task to train task-specific policies. Then, in the 'distill' step, task-specific policies are distilled into a single policy using a new distillation method called Behavior Distillation. Given a unified policy, individual task behavior can be extracted through conditioning variables. PolyTask is designed to be conceptually simple while being able to leverage well-established algorithms in RL to enable interactivity, a handful of expert demonstrations to allow for sample efficiency, and preventing interactive access to tasks during distillation to enable lifelong learning. Experiments across three simulated environment suites and a real-robot suite show that PolyTask outperforms prior state-of-the-art approaches in multi-task and lifelong learning settings by significant margins.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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