PlatoSim：一个端到端的PLATO相机模拟器，用于建模高精度空间光度测量
PlatoSim: An end-to-end PLATO camera simulator for modelling high-precision space-based photometry
AI总结：
PLATO任务需要高精度空间光度测量，PlatoSim通过端到端模拟提供精确的光度数据，支持任务准备和后续分析。
摘要：
PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars (PLATO)是欧洲航天局M3空间任务，旨在检测和表征凌星系外行星，包括其恒星宿主的恒星振荡特性。空间仪器如PLATO提供的连续高精度光度测量需要长时间的准备阶段。为了设计满足性能要求的任务，必须进行详尽的测试，因此模拟是任务准备不可或缺的工具。为满足PLATO在任务发射前对多样化模拟的需求，同时准确描述其创新但复杂的多望远镜设计，我们在此介绍专为该目的开发的端到端PLATO模拟器，即PlatoSim。我们逐步展示嵌入在PlatoSim软件架构中的算法，使用户能够模拟CCD图像的光度时间序列和光变曲线，以符合PLATO预期的观测。在PLATO有效载荷背景下，讨论了建模的一般形式，即从天空中的入射光子到最终数字单位测量的端到端建模。我们通过其多样化的应用和对PLATO任务联合体多个工作组的贡献，展示了PlatoSim的强大预测能力。这包括正在进行的机械集成和对准、有效载荷性能研究、管道开发以及科学目标的评估。PlatoSim是一个最先进的模拟器，能够以高精度产生PLATO预期的光度观测。我们证明PlatoSim是PLATO任务在发射前准备阶段及未来的关键软件工具。
英文摘要：
PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars (PLATO) is the ESA M3 space mission dedicated to detect and characterise transiting exoplanets including information from the asteroseismic properties of their stellar hosts. The uninterrupted and high-precision photometry provided by space-borne instruments such as PLATO require long preparatory phases. An exhaustive list of tests are paramount to design a mission that meets the performance requirements, and as such, simulations are an indispensable tool in the mission preparation. To accommodate PLATO's need of versatile simulations prior to mission launch - that at the same time describe accurately the innovative but complex multi-telescope design - we here present the end-to-end PLATO simulator specifically developed for the purpose, namely PlatoSim. We show step-by-step the algorithms embedded into the software architecture of PlatoSim that allow the user to simulate photometric time series of CCD images and light curves in accordance to the expected observations of PLATO. In the context of the PLATO payload, a general formalism of modelling, end-to-end, incoming photons from the sky to the final measurement in digital units is discussed. We show the strong predictive power of PlatoSim through its diverse applicability and contribution to numerous working groups within the PLATO Mission Consortium. This involves the on-going mechanical integration and alignment, performance studies of the payload, the pipeline development and assessments of the scientific goals. PlatoSim is a state-of-the-art simulator that is able to produce the expected photometric observations of PLATO to a high level of accuracy. We demonstrate that PlatoSim is a key software tool for the PLATO mission in the preparatory phases until mission launch and prospectively beyond.
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