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arXiv 2310.04546cs.CR
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基于联邦学习与多方计算的隐私保护金融异常检测

Privacy-Preserving Financial Anomaly Detection via Federated Learning & Multi-Party Computation

Sunpreet Arora, Andrew Beams, Panagiotis Chatzigiannis, Sebastian Meiser, Karan Patel, Srinivasan Raghuraman, Peter Rindal, Harshal Shah, Yizhen Wang, Yuhang Wu… 展开作者

Sunpreet Arora, Andrew Beams, Panagiotis Chatzigiannis, Sebastian Meiser, Karan Patel, Srinivasan Raghuraman, Peter Rindal, Harshal Shah, Yizhen Wang, Yuhang Wu, Hao Yang, Mahdi Zamani

AI总结:

针对金融机构跨机构数据共享受限、难以联合训练高精度异常检测模型的问题,提出融合联邦学习、多方计算与加噪聚合的隐私保护框架,在美英PETs挑战赛金融犯罪赛道获奖,可在保护隐私的同时将模型AUPRC从0.6提升至0.7。

摘要:

当前,金融机构(FIs)的核心目标之一是打击欺诈与金融犯罪。为此,金融机构会使用基于客户收集数据训练的复杂机器学习模型。对于关键用例,机器学习模型的输出可能会经过人工审核,例如判断交易存在异常的可能性以及后续的行动方案。尽管先进的机器学习模型极大地辅助了金融机构的异常检测工作,但如果能使用来自其他金融机构的额外客户数据,模型性能可得到显著提升。然而在实际操作中,金融机构可能未获得客户的适当授权,无法将其数据共享给其他金融机构。此外,在部分地区,数据隐私法规可能禁止金融机构共享客户的敏感数据。因此,对实际运营场景中的金融机构而言,整合客户数据联合训练高精度异常检测模型是一项难题。\n 本文提出了一种隐私保护框架,可支持金融机构联合训练高精度异常检测模型。该框架融合了联邦学习理念、高效多方计算,以及受差分隐私启发的加噪聚合机制。该框架作为参赛作品提交至美英PETs挑战赛(隐私增强技术挑战赛)的金融犯罪检测赛道,并成为获奖方案。该挑战赛设定的架构为:银行持有客户数据,并通过一个中央网络执行交易。研究表明,本文提出的解决方案可让该网络在保护客户数据隐私的前提下,训练出高精度的异常检测模型。实验结果显示,通过所提方法使用额外客户数据后,异常检测模型的AUPRC(精确召回曲线下面积)从0.6提升至0.7。本文还探讨了该框架如何推广至其他类似场景。

英文摘要:

One of the main goals of financial institutions (FIs) today is combating fraud and financial crime. To this end, FIs use sophisticated machine-learning models trained using data collected from their customers. The output of machine learning models may be manually reviewed for critical use cases, e.g., determining the likelihood of a transaction being anomalous and the subsequent course of action. While advanced machine learning models greatly aid an FI in anomaly detection, model performance could be significantly improved using additional customer data from other FIs. In practice, however, an FI may not have appropriate consent from customers to share their data with other FIs. Additionally, data privacy regulations may prohibit FIs from sharing clients' sensitive data in certain geographies. Combining customer data to jointly train highly accurate anomaly detection models is therefore challenging for FIs in operational settings. In this paper, we describe a privacy-preserving framework that allows FIs to jointly train highly accurate anomaly detection models. The framework combines the concept of federated learning with efficient multi-party computation and noisy aggregates inspired by differential privacy. The presented framework was submitted as a winning entry to the financial crime detection track of the US/UK PETs Challenge. The challenge considered an architecture where banks hold customer data and execute transactions through a central network. We show that our solution enables the network to train a highly accurate anomaly detection model while preserving privacy of customer data. Experimental results demonstrate that use of additional customer data using the proposed approach results in improvement of our anomaly detection model's AUPRC from 0.6 to 0.7. We discuss how our framework, can be generalized to other similar scenarios.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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