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arXiv 2307.15917physics.atom-phcond-mat.quant-gas
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超冷原子-分子碰撞中光缔合共振的观测

Observation of photoassociation resonances in ultracold atom-molecule collisions

Jin Cao, Bo-Yuan Wang, Huan Yang, Zhi-Jie Fan, Zhen Su, Jun Rui, Bo Zhao, Jian-Wei Pan

AI总结:

本文在超冷NaK分子与K原子碰撞中观测到光缔合共振,利用Feshbach共振增强跃迁,为制备基态三原子分子及高分辨率多原子分子光谱提供新途径。

摘要:

超冷原子的光缔合是一种共振光辅助碰撞过程,在此过程中,两个碰撞原子吸收一个光子并形成一个激发态分子。自约三十年前首次观测以来,超冷原子的光缔合对超冷原子和分子的研究产生了重大影响。将原子的光缔合扩展到原子-分子对或分子-分子对的光缔合,将在精密多原子分子光谱学、超冷多原子分子的形成以及分子碰撞和反应的量子控制研究中提供许多新的机遇。然而,态密度高以及捕获激光对碰撞复合物的光激发使得光缔合进入多原子分子的明确定义量子态变得极其困难。在此,我们报告了在$^{23}$Na$^{40}$K分子与$^{40}$K原子之间的超冷碰撞中观测到的光缔合共振。我们在长波长光偶极阱中进行光缔合,以形成电子激发态的深束缚三原子分子。利用原子-分子Feshbach共振来增强自由-束缚Franck-Condon重叠。通过观测共振增强的损耗特征,识别了进入激发三原子分子明确定义量子态的光缔合。这些损耗特征依赖于光缔合激光的偏振,使我们能够指定转动量子数。超冷原子-分子光缔合共振的观测为制备基态三原子分子铺平了道路,为多原子分子提供了一种新的高分辨率光谱技术,并且对原子-分子Feshbach共振也具有重要意义。

英文摘要:

Photoassociation of ultracold atoms is a resonant light-assisted collision process, in which two colliding atoms absorb a photon and form an excited molecule. Since the first observation about three decades ago, the photoassociation of ultracold atoms has made a significant impact on the study of ultracold atoms and molecules. Extending the photoassociation of atoms to the photoassociation of atom-molecule pairs or molecule-molecule pairs will offer many new opportunities in the study of precision polyatomic molecular spectroscopy, formation of ultracold polyatomic molecules, and quantum control of molecular collisions and reactions. However, the high density of states and the photoexcitation of the collision complex by the trapping laser make photoassociation into well-defined quantum states of polyatomic molecules extremely difficult. Here we report on the observation of photoassociation resonances in ultracold collisions between $^{23}$Na$^{40}$K molecules and $^{40}$K atoms. We perform photoassociation in a long-wavelength optical dipole trap to form deeply bound triatomic molecules in the electronically excited states. The atom-molecule Feshbach resonance is used to enhance the free-bound Franck-Condon overlap. The photoassociation into well-defined quantum states of excited triatomic molecules is identified by observing resonantly enhanced loss features. These loss features depend on the polarization of the photoassociation lasers, allowing us to assign the rotational quantum numbers. The observation of ultracold atom-molecule photoassociation resonances paves the way toward preparing ground-state triatomic molecules, provides a new high-resolution spectroscopy technique for polyatomic molecules, and is also important to atom-molecule Feshbach resonances.

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