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arXiv 2307.04793astro-ph.SRastro-ph.HE
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具有化学均匀演化内双星的恒星三体系统

Stellar triples with chemically homogeneously evolving inner binaries

Andris Dorozsmai, Silvia Toonen, Alejandro Vigna-Gómez, Selma E. de Mink, Floris Kummer

AI总结:

本文利用 TRES 研究含 CHE 内双星的大质量分级三体系统,揭示第三星质量转移与 ZLK 振荡对引力波源及恒星并合形成的重要影响。

摘要:

观测表明大质量恒星三体系统很常见,然而其演化尚未得到充分理解。我们研究内双星中的恒星经历化学均匀演化(CHE)的分级三体系统的演化,特别是为了理解第三星在引力波(GW)源形成中的作用。我们使用三体恒星快速种群合成代码 TRES 来确定这些系统在两种代表性金属丰度下的演化:Z = 0.005 和 Z = 0.0005。在所有包含 CHE 内双星的三体系统(CHE 三体)中,约有一半会经历第三星质量转移(TMT)阶段,而这一事件在经典演化恒星中很少见。在大多数 TMT 阶段中,内双星由两颗主序星(58%–60%)或两个黑洞(BH,24%–31%)组成。此外,我们探讨了 von Zeipel-Lidov-Kozai(ZLK)振荡对 CHE 三体系统的作用。在初始外近心点小于约 1200 R⊙ 的系统中,ZLK 振荡可导致偏心恒星并合,或促成偏心致密双星的形成。约 24%–30% 的 CHE 三体系统形成引力波源;在其中 31% 的系统里,第三星发挥了重要作用,并产生孤立双星模型无法预测的构型。我们得出结论,CHE 双星的演化会受到近距第三伴星的影响,从而引发天文瞬变事件,例如通过引力波辐射并合的 BH-BH 双星,其并合速度比相应的孤立双星快数个数量级,以及由第三星驱动的大质量恒星并合。

英文摘要:

Observations suggest that massive stellar triples are common. However, their evolution is not yet fully understood. We investigate the evolution of hierarchical triples in which the stars of the inner binary experience chemically homogeneous evolution (CHE), particularly to understand the role of the tertiary star in the formation of gravitational-wave (GW) sources. We use the triple-star rapid population synthesis code TRES to determine the evolution of these systems at two representative metallicities: $Z = 0.005$ and $Z = 0.0005$. About half of all triples harbouring a CHE inner binary (CHE triples) experience tertiary mass transfer (TMT) episodes, an event which is rare for classically evolving stars. In the majority of TMT episodes, the inner binary consists of two main-sequence stars (58-60 per cent) or two black holes (BHs, 24-31 per cent). Additionally, we explore the role of von Zeipel-Lidov-Kozai (ZLK) oscillations for CHE triples. ZLK oscillations can result in eccentric stellar mergers or lead to the formation of eccentric compact binaries in systems with initial outer pericenters smaller than $\sim$ 1200 $R_{\odot}$. Approximately 24-30 per cent of CHE triples form GW sources, and in 31 per cent of these, the tertiary star plays a significant role and leads to configurations that are not predicted for isolated binaries. We conclude that the evolution of CHE binaries can be affected by a close tertiary companion, resulting in astronomical transients such as BH-BH binaries that merge via GW emission orders of magnitude faster than their isolated binary counterparts and tertiary-driven massive stellar mergers.

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