电池材料中的动态核极化
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization in Battery Materials
AI总结：
本文综述了动态核极化（DNP）如何突破固态NMR灵敏度限制，实现电池材料界面与体相检测，并展望其在环境条件下高灵敏、选择性表征的发展方向。
摘要：
对便携式和大规模储能系统日益增长的需求，要求开发新型、长寿命且高效的电池系统。固态核磁共振（NMR）波谱学已成为表征电池材料的优秀方法。然而，在探测薄界面层时，该方法存在局限性，而这些界面层对电池单体的性能和寿命起着核心作用。本文综述了动态核极化（DNP）如何突破灵敏度限制，并实现对电极-电解质界面以及部分电极和电解质体系体相的检测。我们从材料开发的角度描述了当前面临的挑战；考虑了电池材料独特的电子、磁性和化学性质如何使其区别于DNP在材料科学中的其他应用。我们综述了来自自由基、传导电子和顺磁性金属离子的外源性和内源性DNP的当前应用。最后，我们提出了关于电池材料可从当前DNP方法中受益的机遇和方向的见解，并对未来发展进行了展望，这些发展将使得在环境条件下以高灵敏度和选择性对电池材料进行NMR研究成为可能。
英文摘要：
The increasing need for portable and large-scale energy storage systems requires development of new, long lasting and highly efficient battery systems. Solid state NMR spectroscopy has emerged as an excellent method for characterizing battery materials. Yet, it is limited when it comes to probing thin interfacial layers which play a central role in the performance and lifetime of battery cells. Here we review how Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) can lift the sensitivity limitation and enable detection of the electrode-electrolyte interface, as well as the bulk of some electrode and electrolyte systems. We describe the current challenges from the point of view of materials development; considering how the unique electronic, magnetic and chemical properties differentiate battery materials from other applications of DNP in materials science. We review the current applications of exogenous and endogenous DNP from radicals, conduction electrons and paramagnetic metal ions. Finally, we provide our perspective on the opportunities and directions where battery materials can benefit from current DNP methodologies as well as project on future developments that will enable NMR investigation of battery materials with sensitivity and selectivity under ambient conditions.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
