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arXiv 2307.01765math.OCmath.APstat.AP
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Wasserstein中位数:稳健性、PDE特征与数值计算

Wasserstein medians: robustness, PDE characterization and numerics

Guillaume Carlier, Enis Chenchene, Katharina Eichinger

AI总结:

本文提出Wasserstein中位数作为Wasserstein重心的稳健替代方案,证明其崩溃点约为1/2,通过PDE特征与最小流问题建立联系,并基于Douglas-Rachford格式提出新的数值计算方法。

摘要:

我们研究了Wasserstein中位数的概念,作为Wasserstein重心的替代方案,后者虽流行但可能对异常值敏感。就对损坏数据的稳健性而言,我们确实证明了Wasserstein中位数具有约$\frac{1}{2}$的崩溃点。我们在一维中给出了Wasserstein中位数的显式构造,使我们能够获得$L^p$估计(这在更高维度中不成立)。我们还处理了对偶和多边缘重构。在$\mathbb{R}^d$的凸子集中,我们将Wasserstein中位数与Beckmann式的最小(多)流问题和Monge-Kantorovich型PDE系统联系起来,并为此提出了$p$-拉普拉斯近似。我们的分析最终引出了一种计算Wasserstein中位数的新数值方法,该方法基于应用于该问题最小流公式的Douglas-Rachford格式。

英文摘要:

We investigate the notion of Wasserstein median as an alternative to the Wasserstein barycenter, which has become popular but may be sensitive to outliers. In terms of robustness to corrupted data, we indeed show that Wasserstein medians have a breakdown point of approximately $\frac{1}{2}$. We give explicit constructions of Wasserstein medians in dimension one which enable us to obtain $L^p$ estimates (which do not hold in higher dimensions). We also address dual and multimarginal reformulations. In convex subsets of $\mathbb{R}^d$, we connect Wasserstein medians to a minimal (multi) flow problem à la Beckmann and a system of PDEs of Monge-Kantorovich-type, for which we propose a $p$-Laplacian approximation. Our analysis eventually leads to a new numerical method to compute Wasserstein medians, which is based on a Douglas-Rachford scheme applied to the minimal flow formulation of the problem.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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