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arXiv 2306.04468astro-ph.EP
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HD 22946行星系统的精细化参数与行星d的真实轨道周期

Refined parameters of the HD 22946 planetary system and the true orbital period of planet d

Z. Garai, H. P. Osborn, D. Gandolfi, A. Brandeker, S. G. Sousa, M. Lendl, A. Bekkelien, C. Broeg, A. Collier Cameron, J. A. Egger, M. J. Hooton, Y. Alibert, L. … 展开作者

Z. Garai, H. P. Osborn, D. Gandolfi, A. Brandeker, S. G. Sousa, M. Lendl, A. Bekkelien, C. Broeg, A. Collier Cameron, J. A. Egger, M. J. Hooton, Y. Alibert, L. Delrez, L. Fossati, S. Salmon, T. G. Wilson, A. Bonfanti, A. Tuson, S. Ulmer-Moll, L. M. Serrano, L. Borsato, R. Alonso, G. Anglada, J. Asquier, D. Barrado y Navascues, S. C. C. Barros, T. Bárczy, W. Baumjohann, M. Beck, T. Beck, W. Benz, N. Billot, F. Biondi, X. Bonfils, M. Buder, J. Cabrera, V. Cessa, S. Charnoz, Sz. Csizmadia, P. E. Cubillos, M. B. Davies, M. Deleuil, O. D. S. Demangeon, B. -O. Demory, D. Ehrenreich, A. Erikson, V. Van Eylen, A. Fortier, M. Fridlund, M. Gillon, V. Van Grootel, M. Güdel, M. N. Günther, S. Hoyer, K. G. Isaak, L. L. Kiss, M. H. Kristiansen, J. Laskar, A. Lecavelier des Etangs, C. Lovis, A. Luntzer, D. Magrin, P. F. L. Maxted, C. Mordasini, V. Nascimbeni, G. Olofsson, R. Ottensamer, I. Pagano, E. Pallé, G. Peter, G. Piotto, D. Pollacco, D. Queloz, R. Ragazzoni, N. Rando, H. Rauer, I. Ribas, N. C. Santos, G. Scandariato, D. Ségransan, A. E. Simon, A. M. S. Smith, M. Steller, Gy. M. Szabó, N. Thomas, S. Udry, J. Venturini, N. Walton

AI总结:

本研究结合TESS、CHEOPS测光数据与ESPRESSO径向速度数据,测定了HD 22946系统行星d的真实轨道周期,精细化了系统行星参数,并指出该系统行星在大气表征与系外行星研究中的价值。

摘要:

多行星系统是研究行星演化的重要信息来源,但这类系统中的长周期行星往往难以被探测到。HD 22946是一颗明亮的恒星,此前通过TESS(凌日系外行星巡天卫星)测光数据已在其周围发现3颗凌星行星,但最外侧的行星d的真实轨道周期此前一直未知。本研究旨在利用CHEOPS(系外行星特征探测卫星)探明HD 22946d的真实轨道周期,并精细化该系统的轨道与行星属性,尤其是行星半径。我们使用了已有的HD 22946的TESS测光数据,同时利用CHEOPS观测了行星b、c、d的若干次凌星过程。我们在TESS测光数据中识别出2次行星d的凌星事件,基于这些数据计算出最可能的周期别名,随后安排了CHEOPS观测。测光数据还辅以ESPRESSO(岩石态系外行星与稳定光谱观测阶梯光栅光谱仪)的径向速度数据。最终,我们对整个数据集拟合了一个联合模型。我们成功测定行星d的真实轨道周期为47.42489±0.00011天,并推导出系统内各行星的精确半径:行星b、c、d的半径分别为1.362±0.040 R⊕、2.328±0.039 R⊕和2.607±0.060 R⊕。由于径向速度数据量较少,我们仅能测定各行星质量的3σ上限,分别为13.71 M⊕、9.72 M⊕和26.57 M⊕。我们估算,要测量HD 22946系统所有行星的预测质量,还需要额外48组ESPRESSO径向速度数据。行星c似乎是未来大气特征表征研究的理想目标。我们还可以得出结论:行星d作为一颗暖亚海王星,具有很高的研究价值,因为目前已确认的同类系外行星数量极少。这类天体值得在近期开展进一步研究,例如探究其组成成分与内部结构。

英文摘要:

Multi-planet systems are important sources of information regarding the evolution of planets. However, the long-period planets in these systems often escape detection. HD 22946 is a bright star around which 3 transiting planets were identified via TESS photometry, but the true orbital period of the outermost planet d was unknown until now. We aim to use CHEOPS to uncover the true orbital period of HD 22946d and to refine the orbital and planetary properties of the system, especially the radii of the planets. We used the available TESS photometry of HD 22946 and observed several transits of the planets b, c, and d using CHEOPS. We identified 2 transits of planet d in the TESS photometry, calculated the most probable period aliases based on these data, and then scheduled CHEOPS observations. The photometric data were supplemented with ESPRESSO radial velocity data. Finally, a combined model was fitted to the entire dataset. We successfully determined the true orbital period of the planet d to be 47.42489 $\pm$ 0.00011 d, and derived precise radii of the planets in the system, namely 1.362 $\pm$ 0.040 R$_\oplus$, 2.328 $\pm$ 0.039 R$_\oplus$, and 2.607 $\pm$ 0.060 R$_\oplus$ for planets b, c, and d, respectively. Due to the low number of radial velocities, we were only able to determine 3$σ$ upper limits for these respective planet masses, which are 13.71 M$_\oplus$, 9.72 M$_\oplus$, and 26.57 M$_\oplus$. We estimated that another 48 ESPRESSO radial velocities are needed to measure the predicted masses of all planets in HD 22946. Planet c appears to be a promising target for future atmospheric characterisation. We can also conclude that planet d, as a warm sub-Neptune, is very interesting because there are only a few similar confirmed exoplanets to date. Such objects are worth investigating in the near future, for example in terms of their composition and internal structure.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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