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arXiv 2304.06014cs.GT
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区块链交易费用的分层机制

Tiered Mechanisms for Blockchain Transaction Fees

Aggelos Kiayias, Elias Koutsoupias, Philip Lazos, Giorgos Panagiotakos

AI总结:

针对区块链交易费用机制在拥塞期间缺乏包容性的问题,本文提出一种分层定价机制,通过形式化证明和实验表明其能保持期望价格稳定、降低低紧迫性交易费用并维持收入,优于 EIP-1559。

摘要:

区块链系统承诺对各类去中心化应用(DApps)具有包容性,这些应用可以服务于不同目的并具有不同的紧迫性要求。尽管如此,当前主流平台所部署的交易费用机制以及此前针对相关机制设计问题的建模尝试,都侧重于一种在拥塞期间通过提高价格来偏向那些重视即时服务的客户的方法。为解决这一问题,我们引入了一个能够刻画区块链系统流量多样性的模型,以及一种能够实现更具包容性交易策略的分层定价机制。在该模型中,我们形式化地证明了以太坊当前使用的交易费用机制 EIP-1559 不具备包容性,并通过实验证明其价格在拥塞期间会横向飙升。另一方面,我们形式化地证明了我们的机制能够实现期望意义上的稳定价格,并提供了实验结果,表明低紧迫性交易的价格可以保持在较低水平,从而使多样化的交易类型得以进入区块链。同时,或许令人惊讶的是,我们的机制并不必然牺牲收入,因为低紧迫性交易价格的降低可以通过高紧迫性交易来弥补,这得益于该机制的价格歧视能力。

英文摘要:

Blockchain systems come with the promise of being inclusive for a variety of decentralized applications (DApps) that can serve different purposes and have different urgency requirements. Despite this, the transaction fee mechanisms currently deployed in popular platforms as well as previous modeling attempts for the associated mechanism design problem focus on an approach that favors increasing prices in favor of those clients who value immediate service during periods of congestion. To address this issue, we introduce a model that captures the traffic diversity of blockchain systems and a tiered pricing mechanism that is capable of implementing more inclusive transaction policies. In this model, we demonstrate formally that EIP-1559, the transaction fee mechanism currently used in Ethereum, is not inclusive and demonstrate experimentally that its prices surge horizontally during periods of congestion. On the other hand, we prove formally that our mechanism achieves stable prices in expectation and we provide experimental results that establish that prices for transactions can be kept low for low urgency transactions, resulting in a diverse set of transaction types entering the blockchain. At the same time, perhaps surprisingly, our mechanism does not necessarily sacrifice revenue since the lowering of the prices for low urgency transactions can be covered from high urgency ones due to the price discrimination ability of the mechanism.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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