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arXiv 2303.13809cs.CL
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错误分析提示使大型语言模型实现类人的翻译评估

Error Analysis Prompting Enables Human-Like Translation Evaluation in Large Language Models

Southeast University(东南大学);Nanjing University(南京大学);The University of Sydney(悉尼大学);Shenzhen Research Institute(深圳研究院);Microsoft(微软公司);Nanyang Technological University(南洋理工大学)

Qingyu Lu, Baopu Qiu, Liang Ding, Kanjian Zhang, Tom Kocmi, Dacheng Tao

AI总结:

针对LLMs在机器翻译片段级评估表现不佳的问题,提出结合思维链与错误分析的EAPrompt方法,模拟MQM框架实现可解释的系统级与片段级评估,在WMT22任务上验证了其有效性。

摘要:

生成式大型语言模型(LLMs),如ChatGPT,在机器翻译、文本摘要等多个NLP任务中展现出卓越的能力。近期研究(Kocmi and Federmann, 2023)表明,利用LLMs评估机器翻译(MT)质量在系统层级达到了最先进的性能,但在片段层级表现不佳。为进一步提升LLMs在MT质量评估上的表现,我们研究了几种提示设计,并提出了一种名为错误分析提示(Error Analysis Prompting,EAPrompt)的新提示方法,该方法结合了思维链(Chain-of-Thoughts, Wei et al., 2022)和错误分析(Error Analysis, Lu et al., 2023)。该技术模拟了普遍接受的人类评估框架——多维质量度量(Multidimensional Quality Metrics, MQM, Freitag et al. (2021)),并在系统层级和片段层级产生可解释且可靠的MT评估。来自WMT22指标共享任务的实验结果验证了EAPrompt在各种不同结构的LLMs上的有效性。进一步分析证实,EAPrompt能有效区分主要错误和次要错误,同时与MQM共享相似的错误数量分布。这些发现突显了EAPrompt作为类人评估器提示技术在MT评估中的潜力。

英文摘要:

Generative large language models (LLMs), e.g., ChatGPT, have demonstrated remarkable proficiency across several NLP tasks, such as machine translation, text summarization. Recent research (Kocmi and Federmann, 2023) has shown that utilizing LLMs for assessing the quality of machine translation (MT) achieves state-of-the-art performance at the system level but \textit{performs poorly at the segment level}. To further improve the performance of LLMs on MT quality assessment, we investigate several prompting designs, and propose a new prompting method called \textbf{\texttt{Error Analysis Prompting}} (EAPrompt) by combining Chain-of-Thoughts (Wei et al., 2022) and Error Analysis (Lu et al., 2023). This technique emulates the commonly accepted human evaluation framework - Multidimensional Quality Metrics (MQM, Freitag et al. (2021)) and \textit{produces explainable and reliable MT evaluations at both the system and segment level}. Experimental Results from the WMT22 metrics shared task validate the effectiveness of EAPrompt on various LLMs, with different structures. Further analysis confirms that EAPrompt effectively distinguishes major errors from minor ones, while also sharing a similar distribution of the number of errors with MQM. These findings highlight the potential of EAPrompt as a human-like evaluator prompting technique for MT evaluation.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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