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arXiv 2303.09549astro-ph.COgr-qc
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重新审视快速N体模拟中的Vainshtein屏蔽机制

Revisiting Vainshtein Screening for fast N-body simulations

Guilherme Brando, Kazuya Koyama, Hans A. Winther

AI总结:

本文扩展了N体模拟中的Vainshtein屏蔽机制,通过计算时空依赖的有效引力耦合实现快速模拟,在COLA代码中验证了其在预测非线性物质功率谱boost函数时精度优于2%。

摘要:

我们重新审视了R. Scoccimarro在\cite{Scoccimarro:2009eu}中提出的一种在N体模拟中引入Vainshtein屏蔽机制的方法。我们进一步扩展了该方法,以涵盖规避双中子星合并GW170817所设定的引力波速度限制的Horndeski理论子集。该过程包括计算随时间和尺度变化的有效引力耦合$G_{\rm eff}\left(k,z\right)$,其中尺度依赖性将包含第五力的屏蔽。这是一种快速过程,与在N体代码中求解标量场完整运动方程的替代方案相比,它大大减少了运行模拟所需的计算时间和复杂度。为了测试该方法在非线性区的有效性,我们将其实现于COmoving Lagrangian Approximation(COLA)N体代码中,并针对文献中已有完整N体模拟输出的两个引力模型(nDGP和Cubic Galileon)进行了模拟。我们验证了COLA方法与Vainshtein机制实现的结合,通过完整N体模拟来预测boost函数:即修正引力非线性物质功率谱与其广义相对论对应物的比值。该量对于在超越$Λ$CDM模型中构建模拟器非常重要,我们发现本文所述方法在尺度低至$k \approx 3h/$Mpc时,与完整N体模拟的吻合度在$2\\%$以下。

英文摘要:

We revisit a method to incorporate the Vainshtein screening mechanism in N-body simulations proposed by R. Scoccimarro in~\cite{Scoccimarro:2009eu}. We further extend this method to cover a subset of Horndeski theories that evade the bound on the speed of gravitational waves set by the binary neutron star merger GW170817. The procedure consists of the computation of an effective gravitational coupling that is time and scale dependent, $G_{\rm eff}\left(k,z\right)$, where the scale dependence will incorporate the screening of the fifth-force. This is a fast procedure that when contrasted to the alternative of solving the full equation of motion for the scalar field inside N-body codes, reduces considerably the computational time and complexity required to run simulations. To test the validity of this approach in the non-linear regime, we have implemented it in a COmoving Lagrangian Approximation (COLA) N-body code, and ran simulations for two gravity models that have full N-body simulation outputs available in the literature, nDGP and Cubic Galileon. We validate the combination of the COLA method with this implementation of the Vainshtein mechanism with full N-body simulations for predicting the boost function: the ratio between the modified gravity non-linear matter power spectrum and its General Relativity counterpart. This quantity is of great importance for building emulators in beyond-$Λ$CDM models, and we find that the method described in this work has an agreement of below $2\%$ for scales down to $k \approx 3h/$Mpc with respect to full N-body simulations.

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