性别隔离：英国劳动力市场中行业主导性的分析
Gender Segregation: Analysis across Sectoral-Dominance in the UK Labour Market
AI总结：
本文研究2005—2020年英国行业性别隔离对女性就业合同与工资的影响，发现女性在女性主导行业中的分布失衡主要由持续性歧视性约束解释，并导致工资差异，且该差异在工资分布顶端更为显著。
摘要：
本文旨在评估2005年至2020年间英国行业性别隔离模式的变化如何在解释女性就业合同和工资方面发挥作用。随后，我们研究了性别特定主导行业中的工资差异。我们发现，女性在不同行业间分布倾向的差异是解释工资和合同机会差异的一个主要因素。因此，女性在女性主导行业中的比例失衡意味着该行业典型的合同特征和较低工资，平均而言适用于所有工人。这种差异主要由“持续的歧视性约束”解释，而与人力资本相关的特征只起次要作用。然而，如果工人拥有与男性主导行业中男性相同的潜在工资和剩余工资，工资差异将会缩小。此外，在工资分布顶端情况并非如此，在女性主导行业工作的女性之间的工资差异总是比男性更为显著。
英文摘要：
This paper aims to evaluate how changing patterns of sectoral gender segregation play a role in accounting for women's employment contracts and wages in the UK between 2005 and 2020. We then study wage differentials in gender-specific dominated sectors. We found that the propensity of women to be distributed differently across sectors is a major factor contributing to explaining the differences in wages and contract opportunities. Hence, the disproportion of women in female-dominated sectors implies contractual features and lower wages typical of that sector, on average, for all workers. This difference is primarily explained by "persistent discriminatory constraints", while human capital-related characteristics play a minor role. However, wage differentials would shrink if workers had the same potential and residual wages as men in male-dominated sectors. Moreover, this does not happen at the top of the wage distribution, where wage differentials among women working in female-dominated sectors are always more pronounced than those of men.
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