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arXiv 2303.02528astro-ph.CO
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Abell 1213的光学/X射线/射电视图:一个具有异常弥散射电辐射的星系团

Optical/X-ray/radio view of Abell 1213: A galaxy cluster with anomalous diffuse radio emission

W. Boschin, M. Girardi, S. De Grandi, G. Riva, L. Feretti, G. Giovannini, F. Govoni, V. Vacca

AI总结:

本研究结合SDSS、XMM-Newton、LOFAR与VLA多波段数据分析Abell 1213,发现其处于未弛豫并合状态,异常弥散射电辐射更符合射电遗迹并可能伴随暗弱中心射电晕。

摘要:

背景。Abell 1213是一个低富度星系系统,已知在VLA数据中探测到一个异常射电晕。就射电晕功率与其母星系团X射线光度之间的关系而言,它是一个离群体。目标。我们的目标是在光学、X射线和射电波段分析该星系团,以刻画其弥散射电辐射的环境,并为其本质提供新的认识。方法。我们使用来自SDSS的光学数据研究星系团的内部动力学。我们还分析了存档的XMM-Newton X射线数据,以揭示其热星系团内介质的性质。最后,我们使用LOFAR在144 MHz的最新数据,连同VLA在1.4 GHz的数据,研究该弥散射电源的频谱行为。结果。我们的光学和X射线分析均表明,这个低质量星系团表现出受扰动的动力学。事实上,它由外围区域的若干星系群组成,尤其是在核心区域;我们在核心发现沿NE-SW方向排列的子结构证据,并有近乎沿视线方向并合的迹象。对X射线辐射的分析进一步证明该星系团处于未弛豫的动力学状态。在射电波长,LOFAR数据显示弥散辐射的尺度约为510 kpc。此外,有迹象表明低表面亮度辐射弥漫在星系团中心。结论。弥散射电辐射的环境并非我们对经典射电晕所预期的情形。该射电源的频谱指数图与射电遗迹的解释相容,其可能由N-S或NE-SW方向上的并合导致,这与通过光学分析探测到的子结构一致。星系团中心碎裂、弥散的射电辐射可归因于一个暗弱中心射电晕的表面亮度峰值。

英文摘要:

Context. Abell 1213, a low-richness galaxy system, is known to host an anomalous radio halo detected in data of the VLA. It is an outlier with regard to the relation between the radio halo power and the X-ray luminosity of the parent clusters. Aims. Our aim is to analyze the cluster in the optical, X-ray, and radio bands to characterize the environment of its diffuse radio emission and to shed new light on its nature. Methods. We used optical data from the SDSS to study the internal dynamics of the cluster. We also analyzed archival XMM-Newton X-ray data to unveil the properties of its hot intracluster medium. Finally, we used recent data from LOFAR at 144 MHz, together with VLA data at 1.4 GHz, to study the spectral behavior of the diffuse radio source. Results. Both our optical and X-ray analysis reveal that this low-mass cluster exhibits disturbed dynamics. In fact, it is composed of several galaxy groups in the peripheral regions and, in particular, in the core, where we find evidence of substructures oriented in the NE-SW direction, with hints of a merger nearly along the line of sight. The analysis of the X-ray emission adds further evidence that the cluster is in an unrelaxed dynamical state. At radio wavelengths, the LOFAR data show that the diffuse emission is ~510 kpc in size. Moreover, there are hints of low-surface-brightness emission permeating the cluster center. Conclusions. The environment of the diffuse radio emission is not what we would expect for a classical halo. The spectral index map of the radio source is compatible with a relic interpretation, possibly due to a merger in the N-S or NE-SW directions, in agreement with the substructures detected through the optical analysis. The fragmented, diffuse radio emissions at the cluster center could be attributed to the surface brightness peaks of a faint central radio halo.

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