银河系黑洞
The Galactic Black Hole
摘要：
位于银河系中心的黑洞--银河系黑洞，简称GBH--是同类黑洞中一个相当温和的代表。它的质量为4 x 10^6太阳质量，比已知的最极端的超大质量黑洞的质量小一千多倍，而这些黑洞是最明亮的类星体的动力来源。此外，银河系黑洞有一个非常暗淡的吸积流，它的光能输出被周围密集的明亮恒星和红巨星所淹没，除了无线电波波长。然而，GBH的接近弥补了它的限制活动;它比星系核中下一个最近的超大质量黑洞近100倍以上，它为我们提供了一个无与伦比的机会来详细观察它的行为。因此，对GBH及其周围恒星和气体的观测关注远远超过太阳系外的任何其他单一物体。这篇综述涵盖了我们认识GBH的历史，它目前已知的物理特征，它当前和过去活动的表现形式，以及通过未来研究完善我们知识的前景。
英文摘要：
The black hole at the center of our Milky Way Galaxy -- the Galactic Black Hole, or GBH -- is a rather modest representative of its class. With a mass of 4 x 10^6 solar masses, it is well over a thousand times less massive than the most extreme supermassive black holes known to be powering the most luminous quasars. Furthermore, the Galactic Black Hole has a remarkably dim accretion flow, and its luminous energy output is overwhelmed by the dense cluster of bright stars and red giants that surround it, except at radio wavelengths. However, the proximity of the GBH compensates for its restrained activity; being over 100 times closer than the next nearest supermassive black hole in a galactic nucleus, it offers us an unparalleled opportunity to observe its behavior in detail. Consequently, far more observational attention has been paid to the GBH and its entourage of stars and gas than to any other single object outside the solar system. This review covers the history of our recognition of the GBH, its presently known physical characteristics, the manifestations of its current and past activity, and the prospects for refining our knowledge with future research.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
