利用 CosmicFlows4 分析大尺度体流：与标准宇宙学模型的张力加剧
Analyzing the Large-Scale Bulk Flow using CosmicFlows4: Increasing Tension with the Standard Cosmological Model
AI总结：
本文利用 CosmicFlows-4 星表和最小方差法估计 150-200h⁻¹Mpc 尺度体流，发现其与 ΛCDM 标准模型的张力显著增大，并提出一种无偏且与哈勃常数无关的距离速度计算方法。
摘要：
我们利用 CosmicFlows-4（CF4）星表的数据，采用最小方差（MV）方法，给出了半径 $150-200h^{-1}$Mpc 体积内的体流估计。与 CosmicFlows-3（CF3）相比，CF4 中新增的数据使得在半径 $150h^{-1}$Mpc 球体内的体流估计值有所增大。在采用宇宙微波背景导出参数的标准宇宙学模型（$Λ$CDM）中，该体流出现的概率小于 $0.03\%$。鉴于 CF4 比 CF3 更深，我们首次能够利用 CF4 在 $200h^{-1}$Mpc（对于哈勃常数 $H_o=75$ km/s/Mpc，相当于 266 Mpc）尺度上准确估计体流。该体流与标准模型的张力更大，其出现概率小于 $0.003\%$。为了准确估计体流，我们引入了一种从距离模数计算距离和速度的新方法，该方法在所有距离上均无偏且准确。我们的结果完全独立于 $H_o$ 的取值。
英文摘要：
We present an estimate of the bulk flow in a volume of radii $150-200h^{-1}$Mpc using the minimum variance (MV) method with data from the CosmicFlows-4 (CF4) catalog. The addition of new data in the CF4 has resulted in an increase in the estimate of the bulk flow in a sphere of radius $150h^{-1}$Mpc relative to the CosmicFlows-3 (CF3). This bulk flow has less than a $0.03\%$ chance of occurring in the Standard Cosmological Model ($Λ$CDM) with cosmic microwave background derived parameters. Given that the CF4 is deeper than the CF3, we were able to use the CF4 to accurately estimate the bulk flow on scales of $200h^{-1}$Mpc (equivalent to 266 Mpc for Hubble constant $H_o=75$ km/s/Mpc) for the first time. This bulk flow is in even greater tension with the Standard Model, having less than $0.003\%$ probability of occurring. To estimate the bulk flow accurately, we introduce a novel method to calculate distances and velocities from distance moduli that is unbiased and accurate at all distances. Our results are completely independent of the value of $H_o$.
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