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arXiv 2302.00422stat.MLcs.LG
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鲁棒在线主动学习

Robust online active learning

Technical University of Denmark(丹麦技术大学);Norwegian University of Science and Technology(挪威科技大学);Luleå University of Technology(吕勒奥理工大学)

Davide Cacciarelli, Murat Kulahci, John Sølve Tyssedal

AI总结:

针对受污染数据流中在线主动线性回归易查询异常值的问题,本文通过限制条件 D-最优算法搜索范围并结合鲁棒估计器,提升了异常值环境下的预测性能。

摘要:

在许多工业应用中,获取带标签的观测数据并非易事,因为这通常需要人类专家的介入或使用昂贵的测试设备。在这种情况下,主动学习在建议拟合模型时应使用的最具信息量的数据点方面可能大有裨益。减少模型开发所需的观测数量,既可以减轻训练所需的计算负担,也可以降低与标注相关的运营费用。尤其是在线主动学习,在大批量生产过程中非常有用,因为在这些过程中,必须在极短的时间内决定是否获取某个数据点的标签。然而,尽管近期已有不少开发在线主动学习策略的努力,但这些方法在存在异常值时的行为尚未得到充分检验。在本工作中,我们研究了受污染数据流中在线主动线性回归的性能。我们的研究表明,当前可用的查询策略容易抽取异常值,而将这些异常值纳入训练集最终会降低模型的预测性能。为了解决这一问题,我们提出了一种解决方案,该方案限制条件 D-最优算法的搜索区域,并使用一个鲁棒估计器。我们的方法在探索输入空间中未见区域与防范异常值之间取得了平衡。通过数值模拟,我们表明所提出的方法能够有效提升在线主动学习在存在异常值时的性能,从而拓展这一强大工具的潜在应用范围。

英文摘要:

In many industrial applications, obtaining labeled observations is not straightforward as it often requires the intervention of human experts or the use of expensive testing equipment. In these circumstances, active learning can be highly beneficial in suggesting the most informative data points to be used when fitting a model. Reducing the number of observations needed for model development alleviates both the computational burden required for training and the operational expenses related to labeling. Online active learning, in particular, is useful in high-volume production processes where the decision about the acquisition of the label for a data point needs to be taken within an extremely short time frame. However, despite the recent efforts to develop online active learning strategies, the behavior of these methods in the presence of outliers has not been thoroughly examined. In this work, we investigate the performance of online active linear regression in contaminated data streams. Our study shows that the currently available query strategies are prone to sample outliers, whose inclusion in the training set eventually degrades the predictive performance of the models. To address this issue, we propose a solution that bounds the search area of a conditional D-optimal algorithm and uses a robust estimator. Our approach strikes a balance between exploring unseen regions of the input space and protecting against outliers. Through numerical simulations, we show that the proposed method is effective in improving the performance of online active learning in the presence of outliers, thus expanding the potential applications of this powerful tool.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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