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arXiv 2301.08997astro-ph.GA
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湍流团块中的星团形成。III. 跨越质量谱

Star Cluster Formation from Turbulent Clumps. III. Across the mass spectrum

Juan P. Farias, Jonathan C. Tan

AI总结:

本文基于 Turbulent Clump 模型模拟跨越 300–30,000 $M_\odot$ 质量谱及不同云面密度的星团形成,揭示质量与密度如何影响束缚比例、双星演化、质量分层和速逃星产生。

摘要:

我们研究了具有宽范围质量和背景云质量面密度 $Σ_{\rm cloud}$ 的星团的形成与早期演化,这些量有助于确定诞生气体团块的初始尺度、密度和速度弥散。研究考虑了 300、3,000 和 30,000 $M_\odot$ 的初始团块质量,假定星团以 50% 的总体恒星形成效率从中诞生,并具有 50% 的初始双星比例。这一形成过程是渐进的,即每个自由下落时间的恒星形成效率处于 1% 至 100% 的范围内,因此形成时间可从低质量、高 $Σ_{\rm cloud}$ 团块的 0.7 Myr 到高质量、低 $Σ_{\rm cloud}$ 团块的约 30 Myr。在 Turbulent Clump(湍流团块)模型的这一框架内,对于给定 $Σ_{\rm cloud}$,较高质量团块具有较低的初始体密度,但其动力学演化导致更高的束缚比例,并使其形成密度高得多的星团核心,且在更长时期内维持这些密度。这导致双星性质演化、质量分层程度以及动力学抛射速逃星产生率方面的系统性差异。我们讨论了这些结果对观测到的星团和恒星族群的意义。

英文摘要:

We study the formation and early evolution of star clusters that have a wide range of masses and background cloud mass surface densities, $Σ_{\rm cloud}$, which help set the initial sizes, densities, and velocity dispersions of the natal gas clumps. Initial clump masses of 300, $3,000$ and $30,000$ $M_\odot$ are considered, from which star clusters are born with an assumed 50% overall star formation efficiency and with 50% primordial binarity. This formation is gradual, i.e., with a range of star formation efficiencies per free-fall time from 1% to 100%, so that the formation time can range from 0.7 Myr for low-mass, high-$Σ_{\rm cloud}$ clumps to $\sim30$ Myr for high-mass, low-$Σ_{\rm cloud}$ clumps. Within this framework of the Turbulent Clump model, for a given $Σ_{\rm cloud}$, clumps of higher mass are of lower initial volume density, but their dynamical evolution leads to higher bound fractions and causes them to form much higher density cluster cores and maintain these densities for longer periods. This results in systematic differences in the evolution of binary properties, degrees of mass segregation and rates of creation of dynamically ejected runaways. We discuss the implications of these results for observed star clusters and stellar populations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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