We systematically investigate the relation between the nuclear structure and reaction in the $^{10}$Be nucleus using a theoretical framework. The structure of the $^{10}$Be nucleus is constructed with a cluster model based on a microscopic viewpoint. In this paper, the $^{10}$Be nucleus with different structures is prepared by manipulating the parameters of an effective nucleon-nucleon interaction. The nuclear structure and expectation values of physical quantities are drastically changed by the modification. We summarize such changes and show the effects on the elastic and inelastic scatterings for the proton and $^{12}$C targets in the microscopic coupled-channel calculation. Especially, we recently reported the visualization of dineutron correlation in $^{10}$Be on proton inelastic scattering in [Phys. Rev. C104, 034613 (2021)]. In this preceding work, we found that the changing the degree of dineutron correlation in $^{10}$Be leads to drastic changes of the inelastic cross section for the 2$_2^+$ state. The development (or breaking) of the dineutron correlation is governed by the strength of the spin-orbit interaction of the structure calculation. However, in the previous work, some of the realistic physical points were missing, for example, the binding energy. Therefore, we reconstruct the $^{10}$Be nucleus by adjusting the effective nucleon-nucleon interaction to obtain the reasonable binding energy of the ground state. With this improvement, we again discuss the dineutron correlation in the $^{10}$Be nucleus. We reconfirm the way to measure the degree of the development (or breaking) of dineutron cluster structure; the sensitivity to the inelastic cross section of the ground state to the 2$_2^+$ state of $^{10}$Be.
The remarkable observations in the pion induced and charge exchange reactions on a nucleus are the significant shift and broadening of the $Δ(1232)$-peak relative to free pion nucleon scattering. For the forward going massless leptons, the weak process $(ν_l,l)$ on a nucleon, according to Adler's partially conserved axial current theorem, is connected to the pion nucleon scattering. This mechanism is also applicable to the nucleus. Therefore, the modification of the $Δ$-peak in a nucleus can be seen in the $(ν_l,l)$ reaction since it is connected to the pion nucleus scattering. To investigate …
Background: Eclipse effect of the neutron and proton in a deuteron target is essential to correctly describe high-energy deuteron scattering. The nucleus-deuteron scattering needs information not only on the nucleus-proton but also the nucleus-neutron interaction, for which no direct measurement of the nucleus-neutron cross sections is available for unstable nuclei. Purpose: We systematically evaluated the total reaction cross sections by a deuteron target to explore the feasibility of extracting the nucleus-neutron interaction from measurable cross sections. Methods: High-energy nucleus-deute…
For the forward going proton and $η$ meson, the coherent $η$ meson production in the $(p,p^\prime)$ reaction on the spin-isospin saturated nucleus occurs only due to the $η$ meson exchange interaction between the beam proton and nucleus. In this process, the nucleon in the nucleus can be excited to resonances $N^*$ and the $η$ meson in the final state can arise due to $N^* \to Nη$. We investigate the dynamics of resonances, including nucleon Born terms, and their interferences in the coherently added cross section of this reaction. We discuss the importance of $N(1520)$ resonance and show the …
In this paper, we present new experimental data measured at E$_{p}$=29.9 MeV for the inclusive reactions (p,xp) and (p,x$α$) on nucleus $^{56}$Fe. We investigate the adequacy of the theoretical models in explaining the measured experimental data and we determine the contributions of multi-step direct and multi-step compound processes in the formation of the cross-sections. We show that the traditional frameworks are valid for the description of the new experimental data and our measurements are in agreement with the previous measurements for the (p,xp) and (p,x$α$) reactions on the $^{54}$Fe n…
Rules for in-medium complex particle production in nuclear reactions are proposed. These rules have been implemented in two models to simulate nucleon-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus reactions around the Fermi energy. Our work emphasizes the effect of randomness in cluster formation, the importance of the nucleonic Fermi motion as well as the role of conservation laws. The concepts of total available phase-space and explored phase-space under constraint imposed by the reaction are clarified. The compatibility of experimental observations with a random clusterization is illustrated in a schematic s…
We discuss the role of deformation of the target nucleus in the fusion reaction of the $^{15}$C + $^{232}$Th system at energies around the Coulomb barrier, for which $^{15}$C is a well-known one-neutron halo nucleus. To this end, we construct the potential between $^{15}$C and $^{232}$Th with the double folding procedure, assuming that the projectile nucleus is composed of the core nucleus, $^{14}$C, and a valance neutron. By taking into account the halo nature of the projectile nucleus as well as the deformation of the target nucleus, we simultaneously reproduce the fusion cross sections for …
Elastic scattering of alpha-particle and some tightly-bound light nuclei has shown the pattern of rainbow scattering at medium energies, which is due to the refraction of the incident wave by a strongly attractive nucleus-nucleus potential. This review gives an introduction to the physics of the nuclear rainbow based essentially on the optical model description of the elastic scattering. Since the realistic nucleus-nucleus optical potential (OP) is the key to explore this interesting process, an overview of the main methods used to determine the nucleus-nucleus OP is presented. The refractive …
We discuss heavy-ion fusion reactions of a well-deformed odd-mass nucleus at energies around the Coulomb barrier. To this end, we consider the $^{16}$O+$^{165}$Ho reaction and take into account the effect of deformation of $^{165}$Ho using the orientation average formula. We show that fusion cross sections are sensitive to magnetic substates of the target nucleus, and cross sections for the side collision, which are relevant to a synthesis of superheavy elements, may be enhanced by a factor of around two by aligning the deformed target nuclei. We also discuss the effect of alignment on the fus…
A new method is proposed to deduce the neutron radii of neutron-rich nuclei. This method requires measuring the reaction cross sections of both the neutron-rich nucleus and its stable isotope at the same energy on a proton target. Using this method and the available experimental data of $^{12,22}$C + $p$ and $^{9,14}$Be + $p$ at 40$A$ MeV, the neutron radii of $^{22}$C and $^{14}$Be have been deduced for the first time.
The Pauli exclusion principle plays an important role in many-body fermion systems preventing them from collapsing by repulsion. For example, the Pauli principle causes a repulsive potential at short distances between two $α$ particles. On the other hand, the existence of nuclear rainbows demonstrates that the inter-nuclear potential is sufficiently attractive in the internal region to cause refraction. The two concepts of repulsion and attraction are seemingly irreconcilable. Contrary to traditional understanding, it is shown that the Pauli principle causes a {\it universal structural Pauli a…
The role of the entrance channel in fusion-fission reactions was studied by the theoretical analysis of the experimental evaporation residue excitation functions for reactions leading to the same compound nucleus. The evaporation residues cross sections for xn-channels were calculated in the frame of the combined dinuclear system concept and advanced statistical model. The revealed differences between experimental data on the evaporation residues in the ^{40}Ar+^{176}Hf, ^{86}Kr + ^{130}Xe and ^{124}Sn + ^{92}Zr reactions leading to the ^{216}Th^* compound nucleus are explained by the differen…
The reaction mechanism of nucleus-nucleus collisions at projectile energies around the Fermi energy is investigated with emphasis on the production of fragmentation-like residues. The results of simulations are compared to experimental mass distributions of elements with Z = 21 - 29 observed in the reactions 86Kr+124,112Sn at 25 AMeV. The model of incomplete fusion is modified and a component of excitation energy of the cold fragment dependent on isospin asymmetry is introduced. The modifications in the model of incomplete fusion appear consistent with both overall model framework and availabl…
We construct an analytical model derived from nuclear reaction theory and having a simple functional form to demonstrate the quantitative agreement with the measured cross sections for neutron induced reactions. The neutron-nucleus total, reaction and scattering cross sections, for energies ranging from 5 to 700 MeV and for several nuclei spanning a wide mass range are estimated. Systematics of neutron scattering cross sections on various materials for neutron energies upto several hundred MeV are important for ADSS applications. The reaction cross sections of neutrons are useful for determini…
The nuclear rainbow observed in the elastic $α$-nucleus and light heavy-ion scattering is proven to be due to the refraction of the scattering wave by a deep, attractive real optical potential. The nuclear rainbow pattern, established as a broad oscillation of the Airy minima in the elastic cross section, originates from an interference of the refracted far-side scattering amplitudes. It is natural to expect a similar rainbow pattern also in the inelastic scattering of a nucleus-nucleus system that exhibits a pronounced rainbow pattern in the elastic channel. Although some feature of the nucle…
A detailed study of the effect of the $η$-nucleus final state interaction (FSI) in the $p d \to ^3$He$ η$ reaction close to threshold is presented. The FSI is incorporated through a T-matrix for $η^3$He elastic scattering, constructed using few body equations. This T-matrix accounts for off-shell and binding effects in $η$-nucleus scattering. The energy dependence of the data on the $p d \to ^3$He$ η$ reaction near threshold is reproduced only after including the FSI. The off-shell and binding effects in $η^3$He scattering are found to be important. Given the uncertainty in the knowledge of th…
Nuclear reactions induced by a strong zeptosecond laser pulse are studied theoretically in the quasiadiabatic regime where the photon absorption rate is comparable to the nuclear equilibration rate. We find that multiple photon absorption leads to the formation of a compound nucleus in the so-far unexplored regime of excitation energies several hundred MeV above the yrast line. At these energies, further photon absorption is limited by neutron decay and/or induced nucleon emission. With a laser pulse of $\approx 50$ zs duration, proton-rich nuclei far off the line of stability are produced.
The model for the cold-fusion reactions related to the synthesis of super-heavy nuclei in collisions of heavy projectile-nuclei with $^{208}$Pb target nucleus is discussed. In the framework of this model the production of the compound nucleus by two paths through, the di-nuclear system and the fusion way, are taken into account simultaneously. The formation of the compound nucleus in the framework of the di-nuclear system is related to the transfer of nucleons from the light nucleus to the heavy one. The fusion way is linked to the sequential evolution of the nuclear shape from the system of c…
Large-angle elastic scattering of alpha-particle and strongly-bound light nuclei at a few tens MeV/nucleon has shown the pattern of rainbow scattering. This interesting process was shown to involve a significant overlap of the two colliding nuclei, with the total nuclear density well above the saturation density of normal nuclear matter (NM). For a microscopic calculation of the nucleus-nucleus potential within the folding model, we have developed a density dependent nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction based on the G-matrix interaction M3Y. Our folding analysis of the refractive 4He, 12C, and 16O…
This paper deals with the possible motion of nucleons in the nucleus, which is due to realistic inter-nucleonic forces. This approach provides new or more substantiated conclusions about the nuclear structure than those based on the effective interaction of nucleons, while the shell model of the nucleus may lead to questionable conclusions regarding the nuclear structure and nuclear reaction mechanisms.
Nuclear surface provides useful information on nuclear radius, nuclear structure as well as properties of nuclear matter. We discuss the relationship between the nuclear surface diffuseness and elastic scattering differential cross section at the first diffraction peak of high-energy nucleon-nucleus scattering as an efficient tool in order to extract the nuclear surface information from limited experimental data involving short-lived unstable nuclei. The high-energy reaction is described by a reliable microscopic reaction theory, the Glauber model. Extending the idea of the black sphere model,…
We calculate differential cross sections for proton-nucleus elastic scattering by using a Glauber theory in the optical limit approximation and nucleon distributions that can be obtained in the framework of macroscopic nuclear models in a way dependent on the equation of state of uniform nuclear matter near the saturation density. We find that the peak angle calculated for unstable neutron-rich nuclei in the small momentum transfer regime increases as the parameter L characterizing the density dependence of the symmetry energy decreases. This is a feature associated with the L dependence of th…
We study the dynamical response of the oxygen-16 nucleus to an incident antiproton using the Giessen Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck microscopic transport model with relativistic mean fields. A special emphasis is put on the possibility of a dynamical compression of the nucleus induced by the moving antiproton. Realistic antibaryon coupling constants to the mean meson fields are chosen in accordance with empirical data. Our calculations show that an antiproton embedded in the nuclear interior with momentum less than the nucleon Fermi momentum may create a locally compressed zone in the nucleus wit…
The LAQGSM code has been recently developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory to simulate nuclear reactions for proton radiography applications. We have benchmarked our code against most available measured data both for proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus interactions at incident energies from 10 MeV to 800 GeV and have compared our results with predictions of other current models used by the nuclear community. Here, we present a brief description of our code and show illustrative results obtained with LAQGSM for neutron spectra measured recently by Nakamura's groups for reactions induced by li…
The nucleus-nucleus potential and energy dissipation in fusion reactions are obtained from microscopic mean-field dynamics. The deduced potentials nicely reproduce the one extracted from experimental data. Energy dissipation shows a universal behaviour between different reactions. Also, the dispersion of mass distribution in transfer reaction is investigated in a stochastic mean-field dynamics. By including initial fluctuations in collective space, the description of the dispersion is much improved compared to that of mean field only. The result is consistent with the macroscopic phenomenologi…
The transparency of the hadrons produced in the $γ(n,p) π^-$ reaction in nuclei is calculated using the Glauber model modified by including the Fermi motion of the nucleon in the nucleus. Since the calculated results underestimates the measured transparency for $^4$He nucleus, the Glauber model is further modified by incorporating the short-range correlation of the nucleon and the color transparency of the hadron in the nucleus. The nuclear transparency of the $γ(n,p) π^-$ reaction is calculated for $θ_{π^-}$(c.m.) = 50$^{\circ}$, 70$^{\circ}$ and 90$^{\circ}$. The calculated results are compa…
The $η$ mesic nucleus is considered to be one of the interesting exotic many body systems and has been studied since 1980's theoretically and experimentally. Recently, the formation of the $η$ mesic nucleus in the fusion reactions of the light nuclei such as $d + d \rightarrow (η+ α) \rightarrow X$ has been proposed and the experiments have been performed by WASA-at-COSY. We develop a theoretical model to evaluate the formation rate of the $η$ mesic nucleus in the fusion reactions and show the calculated results. We find that the $η$ bound states could be observed in the reactions in cases wit…
The $ω$ and $ϕ$ mesons dominantly decay outside the nucleus because the decay-lengths of them are much larger than the dimension of the nucleus. Therefore, the medium modification of the above mesons is studied through their absorption in the nucleus. CLAS collaboration at Jefferson Laboratory (Jlab) has investigated the absorption of the $ω$ and $ϕ$ mesons by measuring the nuclear transparency ratios for them in the $γA \to ω(ϕ) X \to e^+e^-X$ reaction. The nuclear transparency ratios for both $ω$ and $ϕ$ mesons in the above reactions have been calculated, and those are compared with the expe…
The fast-stage nucleon emission of proton-nucleus (pA) reactions from 300A MeV to 1.8A GeV has been investigated using the quantum molecular-dynamics model. It is found that the sideward angular spectrum of nucleon emission presents an interesting Mach-like structure at the early stage of the collision (tens of fm/c). The sideward angular peak value varies from about 45\circ to near 73\circ, depending on the bombarding energy. Nucleons emitted from the vicinity of the sideward peak tend to have a fixed momentum value about 0.5 GeV/c, independent of the bombarding energy as well as the impact p…
This paper presents reaction cross section predictions. These predictions are the result of a continuous pipeline which originates from a microscopic nuclear interaction. Density parameters and effective nucleon-nucleon cross sections (both involved in the reaction calculations) are by-products of the same equation of state. First, we perform tests of sensitivity to medium effects using reactions involving 208-Pb, a stable but weakly isospin-asymmetric nucleus. We also show predictions for collisions of some neutron-rich isotopes of Calcium and Argon. We observe significant sensitivity of the …
The influence of the underlying nucleon-nucleon collision geometry on evaluations of the nuclear overlap function ($T_{AB}$) and number of binary collisions ($N_{coll}$) is studied. A narrowing of the spatial distribution of the hard-partons with large light-cone fraction $x$ in nucleons leads to a downward correction for $N_{coll}$ and $T_{AB}$, which in turn, results in an upward correction for the nuclear modification factor $R_{AB}$. The size of this correction is estimated for several experimentally motivated nucleon-nucleon overlap functions for hard-partons. It is found to be significan…
We study the scaling properties of proton-nucleus total reaction cross sections for stable nuclei and propose an approximate expression in proportion to Z^{2/3}σ_{pp}^{total} + N^{2/3} σ_{pn}^{total}. Based on this expression, we can derive a relation that enables us to predict a total reaction cross section for any stable nucleus within 10% uncertainty at most, using the empirical value of the total reaction cross section of a given nucleus.
We investigate the property of the high-density nuclear matter probed by the nucleus-nucleus elastic scattering in the framework of the double-folding (DF) model with the complex $G$-matrix interaction. The medium effect including three-body-force (TBF) effect is investigated with present two methods based on the frozen density approximation (FDA). The medium effect is clearly seen on the potential and the elastic cross section for the $^{16}$O + $^{16}$O system at $E/A =$ 70 MeV. The crucial role of the medium effect is also confirmed with other effective nucleon-nucleon ($NN$) interactions. …
The exclusive production of hyperon-antihyperon pairs close to their production threshold in antiproton - nucleus collisions offers a unique and hitherto unexplored opportunity to elucidate the behaviour of antihyperons in nuclei. For the first time we analyse these reactions in a microscopic transport model using the the Gießen Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck transport model. The calculation take the delicate interplay between the strong absorption of antihyperons, their rescattering and refraction at the nuclear surface as well as the Fermi motion of the struck nucleon into account. We find a su…
The coherent $η$ meson energy $E_η$ distribution spectra in the proton nucleus reaction have been calculated to investigate the $π^0 - η$ mesons' interference, in addition to the study of resonance $N^*$ dynamics in the nucleus. The elementary reaction occurring in the nucleus is assumed to proceed as $ pN \to pN^* $; $ N^* \to Nη$. Born terms in the intermediate state is also considered. In a scalar-isovector nucleus, this reaction occurs because of $π^0$ and $η$ meson exchange interactions for the forward going proton and $η$ meson; other meson exchange potentials do not contribute in this p…
We find a new method to deduce nuclear radii from proton-nucleus elastic scattering data. In this method a nucleus is viewed as a ``black'' sphere. A diffraction pattern of protons by this sphere is equivalent to that of the Fraunhofer diffraction by a circular hole of the same radius embedded in a screen. We determine the black sphere radius in such a way as to reproduce the empirical value of the angle of the observed first diffraction peak. It is useful to identify this radius multiplied by $\sqrt{3/5}$ with the root-mean-square matter radius of the target nucleus. For most of stable isotop…
Background: The density of most nuclei is constant in the central region and is smoothly decreasing at the surface. A depletion in the central part of the nuclear density can have nuclear structure effects leading to the formation of "bubble" nuclei. However, probing the density profile of the nuclear interior is, in general, very challenging. Purpose: The aim of this paper is to investigate the nuclear bubble structure, with nucleon-nucleus scattering, and quantify the effect that has on the nuclear surface profile. Method: We employed high-energy nucleon-nucleus scattering under the aegis of…
Introduction Theory of electromagnetic excitation and dissociation (Inelastic scattering at high energies: one-photon exchange, semiclassical approach and Glauber theory; Higher order electromagnetic effects, small xi-approximation) Discussion of experimental results for nuclear structure Coulomb dissociation as a tool to measure radiative capture processes relevant to nuclear astrophysics Antihydrogen production and electromagnetic processes at relativistic heavy ion colliders Conclusions
The $π^0 γ$ invariant mass distribution spectra in the $ (γ, π^0γ) $ reaction were measured by TAPS/ELSA collaboration to look for the hadron parameters of the $ω$ meson in Nb nucleus. We study the mechanism for this reaction, where we consider that the elementary reaction in Nb nucleus proceeds as $ γN \to ωN; ~ ω\to π^0γ$. The $ω$ meson photoproduction amplitude for this reaction is extracted from the measured four momentum transfer distribution in the $ γp \to ωp $ reaction. The propagation of the $ω$ meson and the distorted wave function for the $π^0$ meson in the final state are described…
In this work we study the charge-exchange reaction to Isobaric Analog State using two types of transition densities. We show that for projectiles that do not probe the interior of the nucleus but mostly the surface of this nucleus, distinct differences in the cross-section arise when the two types of transition densities are employed. We demonstrate this by considering the (3He,t) reaction.
Using the Monte Carlo simulation method accompanied by the modifying effects of the density distributions overlapping, we have examined the nuclear matter incompressibility effects for asymmetric systems with light nuclei, namely $^{16}$O+$^{27}$Al and $^{16}$O+$^{28}$Si fusion reactions. The obtained results show that the nuclear equation of state has considerable influence on the calculation of fusion probabilities for these asymmetric systems.
A recent article (D.A. Brown, et al., Phys. Rev. C98 024616 (2018)) rproposed a modification of the cross section formula used in practical calculations of compound nucleus reactions. We discuss the main concepts and approximations of statistical reaction theory and conclude that the standard practical implementations of the cross section formula remain the preferred choice.
Nucleus-nucleus optical potentials are constructed from an energy density functional approach first outlined by Brueckner et al. The interaction term of the energy density functional comes from the complex nucleon self-energy computed in nuclear matter with two- and three-body chiral nuclear forces. Nuclear density distributions are calculated from Skyrme functionals constrained to the equations of state calculated from the same chiral forces used for the self-energy. Predictions for elastic scattering cross sections and fusion cross sections are compared to experimental data. Very good agreem…
Using a hadron-string cascade model, JPCIAE, we study the effect of nuclear deformation on J/Psi suppression in the collision of uranium nuclei at 200A GeV/c. We find that the J/Psi survival probability is much smaller if the major axes of both deformed nuclei are along the beam direction than if they are perpendicular to the beam direction.
A zone of reactions is determined and then exploited as a tool in studying the space-time structure of an interacting system formed in a collision of relativistic nuclei. The time dependence of the reaction rates integrated over spatial coordinates is also considered. Evaluations are made with the help of the microscopic transport model UrQMD. The relation of the boundaries of different zones of reactions and the hypersurfaces of sharp chemical and kinetic freeze-outs is discussed.
A new integral formula, which has not been compiled in any integral tables or mathematical softwares, is proposed to obtain the analytical energy-angular spectra of the particles that are sequentially emitted from the discrete energy levels of the residual nuclei in the statistical theory of light nucleus reaction (STLN). In the cases of the neutron induced light nucleus reactions, the demonstration of the kinetic energy conservation in the sequential emission processes becomes straightforward thanks to this new integral formula and it is also helpful to largely reduce the volume of file-6 in …
In the model calculations of heavy element nucleosynthesis processes the nuclear reaction rates are taken from statistical model calculations which utilize various nuclear input parameters. It is found that in the case of reactions involving alpha particles the calculations bear a high uncertainty owing to the largely unknown low energy alpha-nucleus optical potential. Experiments are typically restricted to higher energies and therefore no direct astrophysical consequences can be drawn. In the present work a (p,alpha) reaction is used for the first time to study the alpha-nucleus optical pote…
On the basis of the proposed algorithm for calculation of the hadron reaction rates, the space-time structure of the relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions is studied. The reaction zones and the reaction frequencies for various types of reactions are calculated for AGS and SPS energies within the microscopic transport model. The relation of the reaction zones to the kinetic and chemical freeze-out processes is discussed. It is shown that the space-time freeze-out layer is most extended in time in the central region, while, especially for higher collision energies, the layer becomes very narro…
The information about sizes and nuclear density distributions in unstable (radioactive) nuclei is usually extracted from the data on interaction of radioactive nuclear beams with a nuclear target. We show that in the case of nucleus-nucleus collisions the values of the parameters depend rather strongly on the considered theoretical approach and on the assumption about the parametrization of the nuclear density distribution. The obtained values of root-mean-square radii (R_{rms}) for stable nuclei with atomic weights A = 12-40 vary by approximately 0.1 fm when calculated in the optical approxim…
Using the Glauber theory, we calculate reaction cross sections for the deformed halo nucleus $^{31}$Ne. To this end, we assume that the $^{31}$Ne nucleus takes the $^{30}$Ne + $n$ structure. In order to take into account the rotational excitation of the core nucleus $^{30}$Ne, we employ the particle-rotor model (PRM). We compare the results to those in the adiabatic limit of PRM, that is, the Nilsson model, and show that the Nilsson model works reasonably well for the reaction cross sections of $^{31}$Ne. We also investigate the dependence of the reaction cross sections on the ground state pro…
Antiproton-induced reactions on nuclei at the beam energies from hundreds MeV up to several GeV provide an excellent opportunity to study interactions of the antiproton and secondary particles (mesons, baryons and antibaryons) with nucleons. Antiproton projectile is unique in the sense that most of annihilation particles are relatively slow in the target nucleus frame. Hence, the prehadronic effects do not much influence their interactions with the nucleons of the nuclear residue. Moreover, the particles with momenta less than about 1 GeV/c are sensitive to the nuclear mean field potentials. T…
Reaction cross-sections are calculated using the Coulomb modified Glauber model for deformed target nuclei. The deformed nuclear matter density of the target is expanded into multipoles of order k = 0,2,4.The reaction cross-sections between some spherical and deformed nuclei are studied at energy range (10-1000 MeV/nucleon). The most significant effects in the intermediate energy range are the Coulomb field and in-medium effect that modified the trajectory of the incident beams. Introducing the deformation effect beside the Coulomb field and in-medium effect improves the agreement with the exp…
Reliable estimates of neutrino-nucleus reactions in the resonance-excitation region play an important role in many of the on-going and planned neutrino oscillation experiments. We study here neutrino-nucleus reactions in the delta-particle excitation region with the use of neutrino pion-production amplitudes calculated in a formalism in which the resonance contributions and the background amplitudes are treated on the same footing. Our approach leads to the neutrino-nucleus reaction cross sections that are significantly different from those obtained in the conventional approach wherein only th…
The dynamical nucleus-nucleus potentials for some fusion reactions are investigated by using the improved quantum molecular dynamics (ImQMD) model with different sets of parameters in which the corresponding incompressibility coefficient of nuclear matter is different. Two new sets of parameters SKP* and IQ3 for the ImQMD model are proposed with the incompressibility coefficient of 195 and 225 MeV, respectively. The measured fusion excitation function for 16O+208Pb and the charge distribution of fragments for Ca+Ca and Au+Au in multi-fragmentation process can be reasonably well reproduced. Sim…
Yoichiro Nambu put a great foot print in nuclear physics in the era of its fundamental developments including his pioneering insight into essential ingredients of repulsive core of nuclear force and its relation to the saturation of nuclear matter. The present review article focuses onto recent developments of the interaction models between colliding nuclei in terms of Brueckner's G-matrix theory staring from realistic nuclear forces and the saturation property of symmetric nuclear matter as well as neutron-star matter. A recently proposed unique scenario of extracting the saturation property …
We systematically analyze nuclear reaction data that are sensitive to nuclear size, namely, proton-nucleus total reaction cross sections and differential elastic cross sections, using a phenomenological black-sphere approximation of nuclei that we are developing. In this framework, the radius of the black sphere is found to be a useful length scale that simultaneously accounts for the observed proton-nucleus total reaction cross section and first diffraction peak in the proton elastic differential cross section. This framework is expected to be applicable to any kind of projectile that is stro…
We reanalyse the production of $p\bar{p}$ pairs in proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions employing novel elementary cross sections for baryon-baryon and pion-baryon production channels based on a boson-exchange model. In contrast to previous transport studies performed in the literature the secondary pion induced channel is found to be most important in both p+A and A+A collisions at subthreshold energies. A detailed comparison with the experimental data available indicates that sizeable attractive $\bar{p}$ potentials in the order of - 100 to - 150 MeV at normal nuclear matter density…
