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arXiv 2301.04804stat.ME
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网络回归的广义估计方程方法

A Generalized Estimating Equation Approach to Network Regression

Riddhi Pratim Ghosh, Jukka-Pekka Onnela, Ian Barnett

AI总结:

针对网络数据回归中未考虑社区结构与因变量双重角色的问题,提出基于社区检测聚类的广义估计方程方法,证明了渐近正态性,并验证了其在COVID-19发病率分析中的有效性。

摘要:

将回归模型应用于以节点属性为因变量的网络数据会带来方法论上的挑战。正如已被充分研究的那样,朴素回归既没有适当地考虑社区结构,也没有考虑作为模型结果和协变量的因变量。为了填补这一方法论空白,我们提出了一种网络回归模型,其动机基于一个重要观察:当网络具有模块化特性时,控制社区结构可以显著解释由网络连接引起的观测之间的有意义相关性。我们提出了一种广义估计方程(GEE)方法,基于通过应用于观测网络的任何单一成员社区检测算法定义的聚类来学习模型参数。在假设图结构为随机块模型的前提下,我们给出了关于网络规模和边形成概率的必要条件,以建立模型参数的渐近正态性。我们通过模拟评估了该方法的性能,并将其应用于估计基线协变量和网络效应对由商业航空交通网络连接的国家中COVID-19发病率的联合影响。我们发现,在疫情初期网络效应具有一定影响,而在旅行禁令生效后,城市人口百分比相比网络效应对发病率具有更大的影响。

英文摘要:

Regression models applied to network data where node attributes are the dependent variables poses a methodological challenge. As has been well studied, naive regression neither properly accounts for community structure, nor does it account for the dependent variable acting as both model outcome and covariate. To address this methodological gap, we propose a network regression model motivated by the important observation that controlling for community structure can, when a network is modular, significantly account for meaningful correlation between observations induced by network connections. We propose a generalized estimating equation (GEE) approach to learn model parameters based on clusters defined through any single-membership community detection algorithm applied to the observed network. We provide a necessary condition on the network size and edge formation probabilities to establish the asymptotic normality of the model parameters under the assumption that the graph structure is a stochastic block model. We evaluate the performance of our approach through simulations and apply it to estimate the joint impact of baseline covariates and network effects on COVID-19 incidence rate among countries connected by a network of commercial airline traffic. We find that during the beginning of the pandemic the network effect has some influence, the percentage of urban population has more influence on the incidence rate compared to the network effect after the travel ban was in effect.

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