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arXiv 2212.04056astro-ph.HEastro-ph.COastro-ph.GA
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用引力波探测器约束中等质量黑洞的宇宙合并历史

Constraining the cosmic merger history of intermediate-mass black holes with gravitational wave detectors

Giacomo Fragione, Abraham Loeb

摘要:

中等质量黑洞(IMBHs)还没有被发现,除了任何合理的怀疑,通过动力学或吸积签名。引力波(GWs)代表了一个无与伦比的机会来调查天空和检测IMBH的合并,使其有可能首次限制它们的形成,增长和合并历史跨越宇宙时间。虽然目前的LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA网络在检测IMBH双星合并方面受到很大限制,但下一代地面观测站和天基任务有望通过每年检测几个事件来揭示IMBH人口。在这里,我们通过确定下一代GW观测站的最佳网络来评估这种可能性,以重建整个宇宙时间的IMBH合并历史。我们表明,旅行者,爱因斯坦望远镜,宇宙探测器将能够约束合并IMBHs的主要质量的分布高达$\sim 10^3\ M_\odot$和质量比$\gtrsim 0.1$,而LISA将互补这样做,在更高的质量和更小的质量比。因此,下一代地基和天基观测站网络将有可能重建IMBH的合并历史。此外,质量为$\lesssim 5\times 10^3\ M_\odot$的IMBH可以在多波段观测到,红移可达$z\approx 4$,开创了GW天文学的新纪元。

英文摘要:

Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) have not been detected beyond any reasonable doubt through either dynamical or accretion signatures. Gravitational waves (GWs) represent an unparalleled opportunity to survey the sky and detect mergers of IMBHs, making it possible for the first time to constrain their formation, growth, and merger history across cosmic time. While the current network LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA is significantly limited in detecting mergers of IMBH binaries, the next generation of ground-based observatories and space-based missions promise to shed light on the IMBH population through the detection of several events per year. Here, we asses this possibility by determining the optimal network of next-generation of GW observatories to reconstruct the IMBH merger history across cosmic time. We show that Voyager, the Einstein Telescope, and Cosmic Explorer will be able to constrain the distribution of the primary masses of merging IMBHs up to $\sim 10^3\ M_\odot$ and with mass ratio $\gtrsim 0.1$, while LISA will complementary do so at higher mass and smaller mass ratios. Therefore, a network of next-generation ground-based and space-based observatories will potentially reconstruct the merger history of IMBHs. Moreover, IMBHs with masses $\lesssim 5\times 10^3\ M_\odot$ could be observed in multiband up to a redshift of $z\approx 4$, ushering in a new of era GW astronomy.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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