相对论性玻色超流体在混合维度中的电磁涨落与集体模式
Electromagnetic fluctuation and collective modes in relativistic bosonic superfluid in mixed dimensions
AI总结：
该研究在高斯近似下分析三维和二维带电相对论性玻色超流体的电磁涨落，导出三维旋子模式及其存在条件，并证明二维无类旋子激发且给出色散渐近线。
摘要：
在高斯近似下，我们研究了零温度下三维和二维空间中带电相对论性玻色超流体模型中的边缘电磁涨落。在这两种维度中，电磁学分别由普通麦克斯韦项和非局域伪电动力学作用量建模。我们通过积分超流体速度场来探索这些系统中的集体激发。在(3+1)维中，我们导出了 reminiscent 的旋子模式，该模式类似于在自由相对论性玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚背景下发现的作为希格斯模式推广的旋子，并确定了旋子存在的必要且充分条件。在(2+1)维中，除了求解表面等离激元的色散关系外，我们证明了该模型中不可能存在类旋子激发，这与(3+1)维对应情况相反，并且我们还推导了在长波长和短距离极限下色散关系的渐近线。
英文摘要：
In Gaussian approximation, we investigate the marginal electromagnetic fluctuation in models of charged relativistic bosonic superfluids in three and two spatial dimensions at zero temperature. The electromagnetism is modeled by the ordinary Maxwell term and the non-local pseudo-electrodynamics action in these dimensions respectively. We explore the collective excitations in these systems by integrating the superfluid velocity fields. In (3+1) dimensions, we derive the roton mode reminiscent of what was discovered in the context of the free relativistic Bose-Einstein condensate as a generalization of the Higgs mode and determine the necessary and sufficient condition for the roton to exist. In (2+1) dimensions, besides solving the dispersion relation for the surface plasmon, we prove there cannot be roton-like excitation in this model as opposed to its (3+1) dimensional counterpart, and additionally derive the asymptotic lines of the dispersion in the limits of long wavelength and short distance.
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