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arXiv 2212.03425astro-ph.SR
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低层大气中的大针状体及其与磁重联的联系

Macrospicules and Their Connection to Magnetic Reconnection in the Lower Atmosphere

Yadan Duan, Yuandeng Shen, Hechao Chen, Zehao Tang, Chenrui Zhou, Xinping Zhou, Song Tan

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19 pages, 5 figures, accepted by the ApJL
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摘要：

太阳大针状体是介于针状体和日冕喷流之间的束状冷等离子体喷射物，它可以阐明不同尺度等离子体喷射活动之间的潜在联系。利用\em新真空太阳望远镜和太阳动力学天文台的高分辨率观测资料，研究了活动区5组周期性大针状体的起源。在每个macrosicule发射之前，我们检测到一个紧凑的明亮的补丁（BP）在其基础上，一个新出现的偶极子接触和取消与预先存在的环境场。其中一个边界点的{ \em界面区成像光谱仪}的光谱诊断揭示了低层大气重联的特征。多波长成像显示，这些BPs主要发生在流量出现的上升阶段，从色球层下部到上部缓慢上升。一旦BP从AIA 304 A图像中出现和衰减，则分别出现和淡出显著的大针状体。我们认为，这些macrosepicules和相关的BPs的形式在一个共同的重联过程中，在新兴的偶极子和环境场之间的重联高度增加的结果在观察到的变化从BPs macrosepicules。有趣的是，大多数大针状体显示出与大尺度日冕喷流和/或小尺度针状体相似的特征，即，旋转运动、喷发前微纤丝和BPs的存在以及磁通量的出现和消除。我们认为，大针状体的形成机制与针状体和日冕喷流的形成机制相同，不同尺度的太阳喷流现象与磁重联有着相同的物理机制。

英文摘要：

Solar macrospicules are beam-like cool plasma ejections of size in-between spicules and coronal jets, which can elucidate potential connections between plasma jetting activity at different scales. With high-resolution observations from the {\em New Vacuum Solar Telescope} and Solar Dynamic Observatory, we investigate the origin of five groups of recurrent active-region macrospicules. Before the launch of each macrospicule, we detect a compact bright patch (BP) at its base where a newly emerging dipole contacts and cancel with the pre-existing ambient field. The spectral diagnosis from the {\em Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph} at one of BPs reveals signatures of reconnection at the lower atmosphere. Multiwavelength imaging of these BPs show that they mainly occur at the rising phase of the flux emergence and slowly ascend from the lower to the upper chromosphere. Remarkable macrospicules occur and fade out once the BPs appear and decay from the AIA 304 A images, respectively. We suggest that these macrospicules and related BPs form in a common reconnection process, in which the increasing reconnection height between the emerging dipole and the ambient field results in the observed variations from BPs to macrospicules. Interestingly, most macrospicules show similar characteristics to larger-scale coronal jets and/or smaller-scale spicules, i.e., the rotating motions, the presence of minifilaments and BPs before the eruptions, and magnetic flux emergence and cancellation. We conclude that the formation mechanism of macrospicules should be the same as spicules and coronal jets, i.e., solar jetting phenomena at different scales share the same physical mechanism in association with magnetic reconnection.

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