Few-shot learning (FSL), which aims to classify unseen classes with few samples, is challenging due to data scarcity. Although various generative methods have been explored for FSL, the entangled generation process of these methods exacerbates the distribution shift in FSL, thus greatly limiting the quality of generated samples. To these challenges, we propose a novel Information Bottleneck (IB) based Disentangled Generation Framework for FSL, termed as DisGenIB, that can simultaneously guarantee the discrimination and diversity of generated samples. Specifically, we formulate a novel framework with information bottleneck that applies for both disentangled representation learning and sample generation. Different from existing IB-based methods that can hardly exploit priors, we demonstrate our DisGenIB can effectively utilize priors to further facilitate disentanglement. We further prove in theory that some previous generative and disentanglement methods are special cases of our DisGenIB, which demonstrates the generality of the proposed DisGenIB. Extensive experiments on challenging FSL benchmarks confirm the effectiveness and superiority of DisGenIB, together with the validity of our theoretical analyses. Our codes will be open-source upon acceptance.
We present a framework for learning disentangled representation of CapsNet by information bottleneck constraint that distills information into a compact form and motivates to learn an interpretable factorized capsule. In our $β$-CapsNet framework, hyperparameter $β$ is utilized to trade-off disentanglement and other tasks, variational inference is utilized to convert the information bottleneck term into a KL divergence that is approximated as a constraint on the mean of the capsule. For supervised learning, class independent mask vector is used for understanding the types of variations synthet…
Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学）；City University of Hong Kong（香港城市大学）
Learning the generalizable feature representation is critical for few-shot image classification. While recent works exploited task-specific feature embedding using meta-tasks for few-shot learning, they are limited in many challenging tasks as being distracted by the excursive features such as the background, domain and style of the image samples. In this work, we propose a novel Disentangled Feature Representation framework, dubbed DFR, for few-shot learning applications. DFR can adaptively decouple the discriminative features that are modeled by the classification branch, from the class-irre…
Learning Disentangled Representation for One-shot Progressive Face Swapping
Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院自动化研究所）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）；University of Macau（澳门大学）；University of California, Merced（加州大学默塞德分校）；Yonsei University（延世大学）
D$^2$ST-Adapter: Disentangled-and-Deformable Spatio-Temporal Adapter for Few-shot Action Recognition
Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen（哈尔滨工业大学（深圳））；Peng Cheng Laboratory（鹏城实验室）；Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences（沈阳自动化研究所，中国科学院）
Suzhou University of Science and Technology（苏州科技大学）；Tianjin University（天津大学）；Suzhou Institute of Trade & Commerce（苏州经贸职业技术学院）；Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University（西交利物浦大学）
Using generative models to synthesize visual features from semantic distribution is one of the most popular solutions to ZSL image classification in recent years. The triplet loss (TL) is popularly used to generate realistic visual distributions from semantics by automatically searching discriminative representations. However, the traditional TL cannot search reliable unseen disentangled representations due to the unavailability of unseen classes in ZSL. To alleviate this drawback, we propose in this work a multi-modal triplet loss (MMTL) which utilizes multimodal information to search a disen…
University of California, San Francisco（加利福尼亚大学旧金山分校）
Multiview data contain information from multiple modalities and have potentials to provide more comprehensive features for diverse machine learning tasks. A fundamental question in multiview analysis is what is the additional information brought by additional views and can quantitatively identify this additional information. In this work, we try to tackle this challenge by decomposing the entangled multiview features into shared latent representations that are common across all views and private representations that are specific to each single view. We formulate this feature disentanglement in…
Discovering Fine-Grained Visual-Concept Relations by Disentangled Optimal Transport Concept Bottleneck Models
National Key Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071, China（雷达信号处理国家级重点实验室，西安电子科技大学）；State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071, China（集成服务网络国家重点实验室，西安电子科技大学）
Nanjing University of Science and Technology（南京理工大学）
Sketch-based 3D shape retrieval is a challenging task due to the large domain discrepancy between sketches and 3D shapes. Since existing methods are trained and evaluated on the same categories, they cannot effectively recognize the categories that have not been used during training. In this paper, we propose a novel domain disentangled generative adversarial network (DD-GAN) for zero-shot sketch-based 3D retrieval, which can retrieve the unseen categories that are not accessed during training. Specifically, we first generate domain-invariant features and domain-specific features by disentangl…
We propose a conditional generative adversarial network (GAN) model for zero-shot video generation. In this study, we have explored zero-shot conditional generation setting. In other words, we generate unseen videos from training samples with missing classes. The task is an extension of conditional data generation. The key idea is to learn disentangled representations in the latent space of a GAN. To realize this objective, we base our model on the motion and content decomposed GAN and conditional GAN for image generation. We build the model to find better-disentangled representations and to g…
Zhejiang University（浙江大学）；University of Oxford（牛津大学）；The University of Edinburgh（爱丁堡大学）；Alibaba Group（阿里巴巴集团）
Knowledge Graph (KG) and its variant of ontology have been widely used for knowledge representation, and have shown to be quite effective in augmenting Zero-shot Learning (ZSL). However, existing ZSL methods that utilize KGs all neglect the intrinsic complexity of inter-class relationships represented in KGs. One typical feature is that a class is often related to other classes in different semantic aspects. In this paper, we focus on ontologies for augmenting ZSL, and propose to learn disentangled ontology embeddings guided by ontology properties to capture and utilize more fine-grained class…
Disentangled Representation Learning with Transmitted Information Bottleneck
State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Company Ltd.（国家电网陕西省电力公司）；State Grid Corporation of China（国家电网有限公司）；University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）
Envisioning Beyond the Few: Disentangled Semantics and Primitives for Few-Shot Atypical Layout-to-Image Generation
State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems（虚拟现实技术与系统国家重点实验室）；School of Computer Science and Engineering（计算机科学与工程学院）；Qingdao Research Institute, Beihang University, China（北京航空航天大学青岛研究所，中国）
Structure-Level Disentangled Diffusion for Few-Shot Chinese Font Generation
State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, China（新型软件技术国家重点实验室）；School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University, China（人工智能学院）；Department of Computer Science and Technology, Nanjing University, China（计算机科学与技术系）；School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, China（电子科学与工程学院）
For realistic talking head generation, creating natural head motion while maintaining accurate lip synchronization is essential. To fulfill this challenging task, we propose DisCoHead, a novel method to disentangle and control head pose and facial expressions without supervision. DisCoHead uses a single geometric transformation as a bottleneck to isolate and extract head motion from a head-driving video. Either an affine or a thin-plate spline transformation can be used and both work well as geometric bottlenecks. We enhance the efficiency of DisCoHead by integrating a dense motion estimator a…
Rutgers University（罗格斯大学）；Google Research（谷歌研究院）；Caltech（加州理工学院）；University of Delaware（特拉华大学）
We introduce a novel representation learning method to disentangle pose-dependent as well as view-dependent factors from 2D human poses. The method trains a network using cross-view mutual information maximization (CV-MIM) which maximizes mutual information of the same pose performed from different viewpoints in a contrastive learning manner. We further propose two regularization terms to ensure disentanglement and smoothness of the learned representations. The resulting pose representations can be used for cross-view action recognition. To evaluate the power of the learned representations, in…
Boosting Few-Shot Learning with Disentangled Self-Supervised Learning and Meta-Learning for Medical Image Classification
Institute of Information Science and Technologies, National Research Council（国家研究委员会信息科学与技术研究所）；Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa（比萨大学信息工程系）；School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh（爱丁堡大学工程学院）
We propose a novel approach for few-shot talking-head synthesis. While recent works in neural talking heads have produced promising results, they can still produce images that do not preserve the identity of the subject in source images. We posit this is a result of the entangled representation of each subject in a single latent code that models 3D shape information, identity cues, colors, lighting and even background details. In contrast, we propose to factorize the representation of a subject into its spatial and style components. Our method generates a target frame in two steps. First, it p…
The goal of Sketch-Based Image Retrieval (SBIR) is using free-hand sketches to retrieve images of the same category from a natural image gallery. However, SBIR requires all test categories to be seen during training, which cannot be guaranteed in real-world applications. So we investigate more challenging Zero-Shot SBIR (ZS-SBIR), in which test categories do not appear in the training stage. After realizing that sketches mainly contain structure information while images contain additional appearance information, we attempt to achieve structure-aware retrieval via asymmetric disentanglement.For…
National Chiao Tung University（国立交通大学）；National Yang-Ming University（国立阳明大学）；National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University（国立阳明交通大学）
We propose a Paired Few-shot GAN (PFS-GAN) model for learning generators with sufficient source data and a few target data. While generative model learning typically needs large-scale training data, our PFS-GAN not only uses the concept of few-shot learning but also domain shift to transfer the knowledge across domains, which alleviates the issue of obtaining low-quality generator when only trained with target domain data. The cross-domain datasets are assumed to have two properties: (1) each target-domain sample has its source-domain correspondence and (2) two domains share similar content in…
Carnegie Mellon University（卡内基梅隆大学）；Mila, University of Montreal（蒙特利尔大学米拉研究所）
We present neural architectures that disentangle RGB-D images into objects' shapes and styles and a map of the background scene, and explore their applications for few-shot 3D object detection and few-shot concept classification. Our networks incorporate architectural biases that reflect the image formation process, 3D geometry of the world scene, and shape-style interplay. They are trained end-to-end self-supervised by predicting views in static scenes, alongside a small number of 3D object boxes. Objects and scenes are represented in terms of 3D feature grids in the bottleneck of the network…
University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；Microsoft Research Asia（微软亚洲研究院）
Image-to-image translation models have shown remarkable ability on transferring images among different domains. Most of existing work follows the setting that the source domain and target domain keep the same at training and inference phases, which cannot be generalized to the scenarios for translating an image from an unseen domain to another unseen domain. In this work, we propose the Unsupervised Zero-Shot Image-to-image Translation (UZSIT) problem, which aims to learn a model that can translate samples from image domains that are not observed during training. Accordingly, we propose a fram…
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）；Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院自动化研究所）
One-shot face re-enactment is a challenging task due to the identity mismatch between source and driving faces. Specifically, the suboptimally disentangled identity information of driving subjects would inevitably interfere with the re-enactment results and lead to face shape distortion. To solve this problem, this paper proposes to use 3D Morphable Model (3DMM) for explicit facial semantic decomposition and identity disentanglement. Instead of using 3D coefficients alone for re-enactment control, we take the advantage of the generative ability of 3DMM to render textured face proxies. These pr…
Zero-shot learning (ZSL) aims to recognize novel classes by transferring semantic knowledge from seen classes to unseen classes. Though many ZSL methods rely on a direct mapping between the visual and the semantic space, the calibration deviation and hubness problem limit the generalization capability to unseen classes. Recently emerged generative ZSL methods generate unseen image features to transform ZSL into a supervised classification problem. However, most generative models still suffer from the seen-unseen bias problem as only seen data is used for training. To address these issues, we p…
A recent study finds that existing few-shot learning methods, trained on the source domain, fail to generalize to the novel target domain when a domain gap is observed. This motivates the task of Cross-Domain Few-Shot Learning (CD-FSL). In this paper, we realize that the labeled target data in CD-FSL has not been leveraged in any way to help the learning process. Thus, we advocate utilizing few labeled target data to guide the model learning. Technically, a novel meta-FDMixup network is proposed. We tackle this problem mainly from two aspects. Firstly, to utilize the source and the newly intro…
Johns Hopkins University（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学）；National Institute on Aging（美国国家老龄化研究所）；National Institute of Health（美国国立卫生研究院）；Johns Hopkins School of Medicine（约翰斯·霍普金斯医学院）
Accuracy and consistency are two key factors in computer-assisted magnetic resonance (MR) image analysis. However, contrast variation from site to site caused by lack of standardization in MR acquisition impedes consistent measurements. In recent years, image harmonization approaches have been proposed to compensate for contrast variation in MR images. Current harmonization approaches either require cross-site traveling subjects for supervised training or heavily rely on site-specific harmonization models to encourage harmonization accuracy. These requirements potentially limit the application…
Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)（浦项科技大学）；Yonsei University（延世大学）
Transformer encoder architectures have recently achieved state-of-the-art results on monocular 3D human mesh reconstruction, but they require a substantial number of parameters and expensive computations. Due to the large memory overhead and slow inference speed, it is difficult to deploy such models for practical use. In this paper, we propose a novel transformer encoder-decoder architecture for 3D human mesh reconstruction from a single image, called FastMETRO. We identify the performance bottleneck in the encoder-based transformers is caused by the token design which introduces high complex…
CIBR: Cross-modal Information Bottleneck Regularization for Robust CLIP Generalization
Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院空天信息创新研究院）；University of Alabama at Birmingham（阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校）；Harvard Medical School（哈佛医学院）；Wuhan University（武汉大学）；Bowling Green State University（鲍灵格林州立大学）；University of California, Irvine（加州大学欧文分校）；School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院）
Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University（北京大学-清华生命科学中心，先进跨学科研究院，IDG/麦克戈文脑科学研究院，北京大学）；Center of Quantitative Biology, Peking University（北京大学定量生物学中心）；School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Key Laboratory of Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University（心理与认知科学学院，机器感知重点实验室（教育部），北京大学）
Limited annotated data available for the recognition of facial expression and action units embarrasses the training of deep networks, which can learn disentangled invariant features. However, a linear model with just several parameters normally is not demanding in terms of training data. In this paper, we propose an elegant linear model to untangle confounding factors in challenging realistic multichannel signals such as 2D face videos. The simple yet powerful model does not rely on huge training data and is natural for recognizing facial actions without explicitly disentangling the identity. …
State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Company Limited（国网陕西省电力公司）；State Grid Corporation of China（国家电网有限公司）；University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence (MBZUAI)（穆罕默德·本·扎耶德人工智能大学）；Baidu Inc（百度公司）
Physics-informed Deep Diffusion MRI Reconstruction with Synthetic Data: Break Training Data Bottleneck in Artificial Intelligence
Xiamen University（厦门大学）；Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University-Neusoft Medical Magnetic Resonance Imaging Joint Research and Development Center, Xiamen University（福建省等离子体与磁共振重点实验室、厦门大学-东软医疗磁共振成像联合研发中心、厦门大学）；Henan Provincial People's Hospital & the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University（河南省人民医院暨郑州大学人民医院）；Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University（复旦大学人类表型组研究院）；United Imaging Healthcare（联影医疗）；Philips Healthcare（飞利浦医疗）；Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University (Xiamen Branch)（复旦大学附属中山医院（厦门分院））；Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University（厦门大学附属中山医院）；Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University（山东第一医科大学附属山东省立医院）；Department of Neurosurgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University (Xiamen Branch)（复旦大学附属中山医院（厦门分院）神经外科）；Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University（复旦大学附属中山医院神经内科）；Department of Applied Marine Physics and Engineering, Xiamen University（厦门大学应用海洋物理与工程系）；School of Computer and Information Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology（厦门理工学院计算机与信息工程学院）；Biomedical Research Institute, Henan Academy of Sciences（河南省科学院生物医学研究所）
