关于SGR 1935+2154延迟转起故障期间的扭矩反转
On torque reversal during delayed spin up glitch of SGR 1935+2154
摘要：
Ge等人报告了最近从SGR 1935观测到的一个特殊的大故障~ \citep{2022arXiv221103246G}。有趣的是，该故障发生在FRB 200428之前的大约$3.1\pm 2.5~\rm{days}$，伴随着时间尺度为$8\pm 1~\rm{days}$的延迟旋转（DSU）过程。%这个DSU是第一个从磁星中检测到的，毫无疑问，以前，DSU只从年轻的蟹状星云脉冲星的大故障中检测到。引人注目的是，这种DSU甚至导致扭矩反转，即，在$8\pm 1~\rm{days}$中，SGR 1935的自旋向下态转变为自旋向上态，这是我们所知的第一个从孤立的中子星中观察到的情况。此外，平均正力矩的大小和量级与由蟹状星云脉冲星观测到的DSU推算的结果一致。蟹状星云脉冲星和SGR 1935中DSU出现的一致性和一致的正扭矩表明，这些DSU具有相同的物理起源，应同时进行分析。对蟹状星云脉冲星和SGR 1935的DSU的联合分析表明，DSU的物理起源独立于（至少不直接依赖于）旋转参数。如果进一步证实这种新的DSU和转矩反转现象，并令人信服地排除吸积，那么几乎所有在涡旋运动框架下的DSU模型都应该重新考虑，需要新的物理学。我们强调，对不同转动参数恒星DSU的联合分析，将为揭示DSU的物理起源，乃至最终揭示中子星状态方程和（银河系）快速射电暴的触发机制提供关键线索。
英文摘要：
Ge et al. reported a peculiar large glitch observed from SGR 1935 recently~\citep{2022arXiv221103246G}. % Interestingly, this glitch occurred about $3.1\pm 2.5~\rm{days}$ before FRB 200428, accompanied by a delayed spin up (DSU) process with a timescale of $8\pm 1~\rm{days}$. % This DSU is the first one detected from magnetars unambiguously, previously, DSU has only been detected from large glitches of the young Crab pulsar. % Strikingly, this DSU even resulted in torque reversal, i.e., the spin down state of SGR 1935 was turned into a spin up one within $8\pm 1~\rm{days}$, the first case observed from isolated neutron stars as far as we know. % What's more, the average positive torque is consistent in value and order of magnitude with those deduced from DSUs observed from the Crab pulsar. % The coincidences of DSU appearance and consistent positive torque in the Crab pulsar and SGR 1935 suggest that, these DSUs have the same physical origin and should be analyzed simultaneously. % Joint analysis on DSUs from the Crab pulsar and SGR 1935 suggests a physical origin independent of (at least not directly dependent on) rotational parameters. % If this new DSU and torque reversal phenomena be further confirmed and accretion be excluded convincingly, nearly all models regarding DSU phenomenon under the framework of vortex motion should be reconsidered, new physics will be required. % We stress that, joint analysis on DSUs from different pulsars with different rotational parameters may provide pivotal clue to reveal their physical origin, even neutron star equation of state and the triggering mechanism(s) of (galactic) fast radio bursts ultimately.
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